Unit2 Period Ⅱ Learning About Language-【优化探究】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套教参（人教版）

Period Ⅱ　Learning About Language 单元语法：名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句) 授课提示：对应学生用书第42页 [语法体会] [生活中的语法] [学习中的语法] ①The first time that she had to write an essay，her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas，but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought! ②At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. ③What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her. [我的发现] (1)what在句①中引导宾语从句，在句②和句③中引导主语从句。 (2)that在句①中引导宾语从句，在句②中引导表语从句。 [语法图解] [知识精要] 一、概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词(词组)，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)、表语、同位语等。根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。本单元主要讲解前三种。 二、分类 (一)主语从句 在复合句中，作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。 1．主语从句的引导词 主语从句通常由that、whether、what、who、which、whatever、whoever、whom、how、when、where、why等引导。其中，that在句中无实义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当一定的成分。 注意：whom、who指人；what指物；whatever、whoever表示泛指意义。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。但what引导的主语从句后面的谓语动词有时可以根据表语的内容来确定单复数。 Who will win the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。 Where the English evening party will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行还没有宣布。 2．形式主语it 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。常用句型如下： (1)It＋be＋名词/形容词/过去分词＋that从句 (2)It＋v.(to sb.)＋that从句 It is a pity that you didn't attend the evening party.你没参加晚会真是遗憾。 It happened that they were out.碰巧他们出去了。 注意：连接代词/副词引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语it (what引导的主语从句除外)。但如果句子是疑问句，则必须使用带形式主语it的结构。 Is it true that he is the girl's father？他是那个女孩的父亲，是真的吗？ 3．从句中谓语动词的形式 在主语从句中，用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should＋) do”，常用的句型有： (1)It is necessary/important/natural/strange/...that... (2)It is suggested/requested/proposed/desired/...that... It's necessary that we (should) learn another foreign language.我们很有必要再学一门外语。 It's suggested that we (should) take measures at once. 有人建议我们应该立刻采取措施。 [即学即练1] 单句语法填空 ①What he wants to read now are (be) some magazines. ②It's important that children (should) have (have) their own hobbies and interests.