Unit1 Period Ⅱ Grammar.-【优化探究】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步导学案配套教参（人教版）

Period Ⅱ　Grammar 单元语法：Non­restrictive relative clauses (非限制性定语从句) 授课提示：对应学生用书第12页 [语法体会] 诵读下列例句并感知加黑部分的共性 (1)[教材原文]This year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou(co­winner)，whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. (2)[教材原文]In the beginning，Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. (3)[教材原文]From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. (4)[教材原文]Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. (5)[教材原文]This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. 1．第(3)句为限制性定语从句，中间不用逗号隔开。 2．第(1)(2)(4)(5)句为非限制性定语从句，中间用逗号隔开。 [知识精要] 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。归纳起来，二者有以下几点不同： 一、作用不同 限制性定语从句与先行词的关系非常密切，是先行词不可缺少的定语，它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或物，如果删去，全句的意思就会变得不明确。而非限制性定语从句在意义上是先行词的一个附加修饰语，对先行词只起进一步补充说明的作用，若把它去掉，全句意思仍然清楚。 This is the person whom you are looking for.这位就是你在找的那个人。 In their class there are fifteen students, who can speak English very well.在他们班上，有15名学生，他们的英语都说得很好。 二、形式不同 非限制性定语从句与先行词之间通常有逗号，而限制性定语从句与先行词之间无逗号。 Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city.北京，中国的首都，是个美丽的城市。(从句可有可无，从句前有逗号) She was no longer the woman that she was.她再也不是以前的她了。(从句不可少，从句前无逗号) 三、含义不同 限制性定语从句有涉他性；非限制性定语从句有唯一性。 The books here which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.里面有漂亮图画的那些书是他写的。(书有带图画和不带图画两类) The books here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.这些书是他写的，里面有漂亮的图画。(书只有一种) 四、引导词不同 非限制性定语从句的引导词： 表示人 who, whom, whose 表示时间 when，介词＋which 表示事/物 which, as，whose 表示地点 where，介词＋which 1.非限制性定语从句中不能用that代替which。在非限制性定语从句中，先行词指人的时候，关系代词只能是who, whom，不能用that；先行词指物的时候，关系代词只能用which，不能用that。 2．引导非限制性定语从句的which, as可以代替整个主句，相当于and this或and that。 She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.她听到一个可怕的声音，这让她把心都提到了嗓子眼。 As I expected, he didn't believe me.正如我所预料的，他不相信