内容正文:
Period Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
单元语法:Basic sentence structures (基本句式)
授课提示:对应学生用书第32页
[语法体会]
阅读下列句子,判断属于五种基本句式中的哪一种
①It rained this morning.主谓
②My father loves my mother.主谓宾
③I am an excellent student.主系表
④My mother bought me a skirt as the birthday present.主谓双宾
⑤The teacher asks me to open the door.主谓宾宾语补语
[知识精要]
明确句子成分的英语符号及基本句式表达
①S(subject—主语) ②V(verb—谓语)
③O(object—宾语) ④P(predicative—表语)
⑤A(adverbial—状语)
⑥DO(direct object—直接宾语)
⑦IO(indirect object—间接宾语)
⑧C(object complement—宾语补语)
前五种句式为传统的五种基本句式,后三种为前者的有效补充。
1.主语+谓语(S+V)
The exchange students are registering.这些交换生正在登记。
We all breathe,drink and eat.我们都要呼吸、喝水和吃饭。
2.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O)
The students are doing an experiment.学生们正在做实验。
She usually puts off carrying out her promises.她通常拖延履行她的诺言。
3.主语+系动词+表语(S+P)
He became a teacher of English.他成了一名英语教师。
My brothers are all college students.我的弟弟们都是大学生。
She looked a little annoyed.她看上去有点生气。
[温馨提示]
英语中的系动词有:be动词、感官动词(如look,smell,taste,feel,sound等)、表变化类动词(如get,become,turn,go,grow,come等)、表保持类动词(如keep,stay,remain等)。
4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 (直接宾语和间接宾语叫作双宾语)(S+V+IO+DO)
My sister told me a long story.我姐姐给我讲了一个很长的故事。
The professor gave us an exciting lecture.教授给我们做了一个激动人心的讲座。
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语(宾语和宾语补语统称为复合宾语)(S+V+O+C)
I found his design very impressive.我发现他的设计让人印象深刻。
She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.她让我们等她的回音等了一个多星期。
I often hear her sing this song in her lovely voice.我时常听到她用迷人的声音唱这首歌曲。
6.主语+谓语+状语(S+V+A)
My parents live in Beijing.我的父母住在北京。
They are playing happily over there.他们正在那边玩得很开心。
7.主语+谓语+宾语+状语(S+V+O+A)
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.大风把落叶从地面上刮了起来。
They know us very well.他们非常了解我们。
8.there be句型
There aren't many books on the shelf.书架上没有多少书。
There is a chair,two desks,and a bed in the room.房间里有一把椅子、两张桌子和一张床。
[温馨提示]
在there be句型中,be的单复数与最靠近的名词的单复数保持一致。
这八种句式是英语句子的核心框架,是分析长难句的基础。在分析长难句时,要学会先提炼句子的主干结构,再分析辅助成分。同时,它们也是写对、写好英语句子的依据,是避免造句时出错的关键。
授课提示:对应学生用书第33页
Ⅰ.句子成分分析
例:I asked Tom to pick me up at the airport.SVOCA
1.Everybody laughed.SV
2.