初升高衔接 第三节 五种基本句式＋There be句型-【优化探究】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第一册同步导学案配套教参（人教版）

第三节　五种基本句式＋There be句型 授课提示：对应学生用书第8页 一、句型1: Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语) 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫作不及物动词，其后可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 We exercise. She never lies. Sally apologized for her mistakes. 部分及物动词可转化为不及物动词： My recent book sells very well. 二、句型2：Subject (主语)＋Link.V(系动词)＋Predicative (表语) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词是(连)系动词。系动词通常分两类： 1．表示状态。这类系动词有be，look，seem，smell，taste，sound，keep等。如： We are all students. This kind of food tastes delicious. 2．表示变化。这类系动词有become，turn，get，grow，go等。如： All my hair turns grey. The tree has grown much taller than before. 三、句型3：Subject (主语)＋Verb (谓语)＋Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词，所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语。 I like bananas. I don't know what I should do next. She plans to travel in the coming May Day. He has accepted our invitation. 注意：大部分英语动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。 四、句型4: Subject (主语)＋Verb (谓语)＋Indirect object (间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语) 在这种句型中，直接宾语由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有buy，pass，lend，give，tell，teach，show，bring，send等。如： She gave me a pen. Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. Will you show me your ticket，please? 五、句型5: Subject (主语)＋Verb (谓语)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement (补语) 此句型中的“宾语＋补语”称为“复合宾语”。 Keep the children quiet，please. He made the boy laugh. We all call the baby Sara. His father told him not to play in the street. My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball. Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans. 注意：常见的可接复合宾语的动词(词组)有tell，ask，advise，help，want，would like，order，force，allow等。动词have，make，let，see，hear，notice，feel，watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾语补语时，不带to。 六、There be句型 There be句型表示“什么地方或什么时间存在什么事物”。there是引导词，be后面的名词是主语，句子的结尾是时间或地点状语。 1．There be句型中的主谓一致原则 当主语是两个或两个以上的名词或短语并列时，be的形式与之靠近的一个名词或短语保持一致。 There is a desk and four chairs in the room. There are four chairs and a desk in the room. 2．There be句型中常用的动词 There be结构中的谓语动词be有时可以用seem to be，happen to be，is likely to be或半系动词remain，stand，lie，go，exist，follow，live，come，occur等替换。 There is likely to be something