内容正文:
第六节 常见的三大从句
第一课时 状语从句
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一、状语从句一般呈现形式
1.状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。
2.各类状语从句连接词(短语)一览表:
时间状语从句
连接词:when,while,as,as soon as,since,until,after,before
例句:Whenever he comes,he brings a friend.他每次来都带个朋友。
条件状语从句
连接词: if,unless,as long as
例句:As long as I am alive,I will go on studying.只要我活着, 我就要学习。
原因状语从句
连接词: as,because,since
例句:Since we live near the sea,we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边,所以能享受好的天气。
地点状语从句
连接词:where
例句:Put it where we all can see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。
目的状语从句
连接词:so that,in order that
例句:Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完,你可以开始另一个。
结果状语从句
连接词:so that,so...that,such...that
例句:He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.他气得说不出话了。
让步状语从句
连接词: though,although,even if,however
例句:Though he is in poor health,he works hard.虽然他身体不好,但是他工作很努力。
方式状语从句
连接词:as
例句:Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。
比较状语从句
连接词:than,(not) as/so...as
例句:The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作没我想象得那么容易。
二、状语从句易混辨析
1.易混引导词while,when,as的区别:
when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用,也可以指“时间段”,与延续性动词连用(=while)。如:
When he came in,his mother was cooking.
When/While we were at school,we went to the library every day.
while表示时间段,因此,while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如:
Please don't talk so loud while others are working.
as与when用法相似,但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生,有“随着……”或“一边……一边……”之意。如:
As you get older,you get more knowledge.
2.because,as,since 的区别:
because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题,语气最强;as用于说明原因,着重点在主句,常译成“由于”;since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实,常译成“既然”。如:
Water is very important because we can't live without it.
He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill.
I'll do it for you since you are busy.
3.such...that,so...that,so that 引导结果状语从句的区别:
(1)so that 表示结果和目的时的区别:
so that表示目的时,从句中往往有can, could, may, might等情态动词,而表示结果时没有;so that引导结果状语从句可用逗号与主句分开,引导目的状语从句则不可。
They set out early so that they arrived in time.(结果)
They set out early so that they might arrive in time.(目的)
(2)so...that...与such...that...的区别:
so为副词,修饰形容词、副词,不能修饰名词;such是形容词,用来修饰名词。两者常用的结构如下:
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