Unit1 Period Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【优化探究】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套教参（人教版）

Period Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 单元语法：Restrictive relative clauses (3)[限制性定语从句(3)] 授课提示：对应学生用书第18页 [语法体会] [生活中的语法] [学习中的语法] ①I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. ②The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows. ③I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys. ④We walked up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views. ⑤The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups. [我的发现] 以上句子中关系词在从句中作主语的为①②③；作状语的为④；作宾语的为⑤。⑤中省略了关系词that。 [知识精要] 一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 1．限制性定语从句 它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。 Do you know the girl who just came in？你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗？ 2．非限制性定语从句 它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句不可用that引导。 The old woman，who lives on her own，has a cat for company.这位独自居住的老妇人，养了一只猫陪伴她。 [即学即练1]　完成句子 ①我去年买了这栋房子，它有一个漂亮的花园。 The house, which I bought last year，has a lovely garden. ②第一次遇见怀特先生的时候，是在我生命中一个非常艰难的时期。 The time when I first met Mr. White was a very difficult period of my life. 二、限制性定语从句的用法 1．定语从句中关系代词用that不用which的情况 (1)当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything 等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 There is nothing that we can do now.现在我们什么也做不了。 (2)当先行词被the only，the last，the very 等修饰时。 This is the very book that I want.这正是我想要的书。 (3)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 The present time is the best gift that you can give yourself.当前的时光是你能给自己的最好的礼物。 (4)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 Don't trust the first sign that you see.不要相信你第一眼看见的迹象。 (5)当先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 My mother and her old friends talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.我妈妈和她的老朋友们谈论了一些她们记忆中学校里的人和事。 (6)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Which is the car that you bought last week？你上周买的哪辆车？ (7)当先行词是主句的表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 [即学即练2]　写出下列定语从句中的关系代词 ①Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? ②This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. ③This is the only th