UNIT 4 Natural Disasters Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures（课件PPT）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures 　[语法项目——定语从句(1)　关系代词引导的定语从句] 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 Jason was one of the engineers who came from Russia in the 1950s①. When he came to China, the first thing that he did was to visit the factory② which did research on buses③. Then he spent every minute that he could spare helping China to develop transportation. Although Jason was a foreigner whose nation also needed him especially④， he decided to make contributions to our country's development. Jason was really a person whom we ought to say thanks to⑤. ①who引导定语从句时，指人且在从句中作主语。 ②that引导定语从句时，指物且在从句中作主语或宾语。 ③which引导定语从句时，只能指物且在从句中作主语或宾语。 ④whose引导定语从句时，既可以指人，也可以指物，表示所属关系，只能在从句中作定语。 ⑤whom引导定语从句时，指人且只能在从句中作宾语。 慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观　 一、定语从句的基本概念　 复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语或句子进行修饰和限定的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等被称为先行词。 1．定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 (1)限制性定语从句：所修饰的词表示一个特定的人或东西。如果去掉它，被修饰的词就失去意义，句子就不能成立或不完整。 (2)非限制性定语从句：由一个逗号将从句与先行词隔开，对所修饰的词作进一步的说明。如果去掉它，句子的意思仍然完整。 2．定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有when, where, why。关系词通常有下列作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句及用法 　 [先感知] ①(教材典句)There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. ②(教材典句)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. ③(教材典句)The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything that they could find. ④(教材典句)The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. ⑤(教材典句)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. ⑥(教材典句)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. ⑦(教材典句)The injured boy whose mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital. ⑧Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. [会发现] (1)①②③句的先行词指 ，关系代词在①②句中作 ，在③句中作 。 (2)④⑤⑧句的先行词指 ，关系代词在④⑤句中作 ，在⑧句中作 。 (3)⑥⑦句的先行词指 ，关系代词在句中作 。 物 主语 宾语 人 主语 宾语 人 定语 [明规则] 关系代词 指代功