专题01 非限制性定语从句【考点串讲】-2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期中考点大串讲（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

专题01非限制性定语从句 (期中重点语法) 知识串讲 　　非限制性定语是对被修饰名词或代词的附加说明，它不是必需的，如果去掉，也不会影响句子的意思，它与被修饰名词之间通常用逗号分开。 　　如：The travellers, knowing about the floods, took another road. 游客们知道发了大水，都改道走了。 My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year. 我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。 　非限制性定语从句用法： 　　1、引导非限定性定语从句时，只能用which(不用that)。 　　例如：Heat is another form of energy, which is as important as other kinds of energy. 　　热是另一种形式的能量，与其他形式的能量一样重要。 （从句表补充说明，而且关系代词which不能换成that。） 　　2、引导非限定性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。 　　例如：That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around. 　　彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已传得沸沸扬扬。（句子中的which指“彼特要娶爱丽斯”这整个句子的意思。） 　　3、除which外，还可用when，where，who等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。 　　whom引导的非限制性定语从句。 关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。 如：Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. 彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。 whose引导的非限制性定语从句。 whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。whose通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。 如：The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard. 那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。 who引导的非限制性定语从句 Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook. 我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。 when引导的非限制性定语从句。 关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句 when, where在非限制定语从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语；why不用于非限制性定语从句中，用for which 代替。 In China, the spring festival is a good holiday when family members get together. The southern states wanted to set up a country of their own, where they would be free to keep black slaves. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 　　4、在限定性定语从句中作宾语时，引导词可以省略，但引导非限定性定语从句的关联词不能省。 　　如：He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as his own mother. 　　他急于想去医院看望他的继母，他把他的继母当作亲生母亲一样热爱和尊敬。 　　The American journalist(whom/who) the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. 　　播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。 　　两例中的关系代词都在从句中作宾语。由于第二例是限定性定语从句，可以省略关系代词；第一例中的引导词不能省略，因为它引导的是非限定性定语从句。 　　5、表示“正如”的含义时，通常用as引导非限定性定语从句，也可用which引导；但置于句首时，只能用as引导。 　　如：Chi