2024年中考英语一轮 语法专题 复习宾语从句考点总结(讲义)
2024届初三英语中考一轮 语法专题 复习
宾语从句考点总结(讲义)
初三英语教研组 整理
一、定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。
Thegirl told me that she would come here tomorrow. 那个女孩告诉我她明天要来这里。
二、宾语从句可分为:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。
1.动词的宾语从句,即从句作动词的宾语。
Do you know who will teach us English thissemester? 你知道这学期谁将教我们英语吗?
She asked whether she could go. 她问她是否可以去。
2.介词的宾语从句,即从句在介词后面作宾语。
They are discussing who will climb themountain with me. 他们正在讨论谁和我一起去爬山。
You may depend on it that they will alwayshelp you. 你要相信他们会一直帮助你的。
3. 形容词的宾语从句,即sure、certain、pleased、surprised等表示情感的形容词后的从句。
I am not sure whether he will come again. 我不敢肯定他是否会再来。
I am quite sorry that I made a lot ofmistakes in the exam. 非常抱歉,我在考试中犯了很多错误。
三、宾语从句三要素:
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1. 连接词
(1) that
间接引语(从句本身)是陈述句,且连接词只起连接作用,不在从句中作任何成分,也不翻译出意思时,用that连接(在口语或非正式文体中常省去)。
Shesaid (that) she wanted to join us. 她说她想加入我们。
(2)whether/if
间接引语(从句本身)是一个一般疑问句,用whether/if“是否”连接,whether/if表示“是否”之意。
Doeshe know whether/if they will come to have an Art class? 他知道他们是否要来上美术课吗?
宾语从句中if和whether的区别:
一般情况下,if和whether可互换,有些特殊情况只用whether。
I am not interested in whether you are right. 我对你是否正确不感兴趣。
Whether they are interested in this project, I don’t know. 他们是否对这个项目感兴趣,我不知道。
I really don’t know when to start. 我真的不知道什么时候开始。
They wonder whether or not it will rain this afternoon. 他们想知道今天下午是否会下雨。
The little girl hasn’t decided whether she will spend her holidays in America. 这个小女孩还没有决定是否去美国度假。 |
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(3)连接代词(what、who、which、whose)或连接副词(when、where、why、how)及how构成的词组(howmany、how old、howlong等)。(特殊疑问词)
Theteacher asked who could answer the question. 老师问谁能回答这个问题。
Theyare discussing where they shall meet. 他们正在讨论在哪里见面。
2. 语序
宾语从句都用陈述句语序,即“连接词+主谓宾/主系表”结构。
1.My mother asks: “when will we go to the supermarket?” (改为宾语从句)
Mymother askes ________ ________ ________ go to the supermarket.
2.Li Lei told Jim ____.
A.how much yuan is the sweater B.how much is the sweater
C.how much the sweater is D.how much the sweater was
答案:when we will; D
特殊情况特殊记:
Tom wants to know what’s the matter with his father. Tom想知道他父亲发生了什么事。
They are guessing who is singing in the next room. 他们正在猜测谁在隔壁房间唱歌。 |
3. 时态
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