Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Using language-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第一册外研版（教师用书）

Section Ⅱ　Using language

一、动词­ing形式的意义

动词­ing形式作主语时，常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作或状态，其被动形式为being done。

◆Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

了解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜好和情感一样重要。

◆Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.

不给予足够的赞扬和给予太多(赞扬) 一样有害。

◆Being praised by his teachers made him regain the confidence.

被老师们表扬使他重获自信。

二、动词­ing形式的位置

动词­ing形式作主语时，可位于句首；也可以用it作形式主语，将动词­ing后置。动词­ing形式作主语且用it作形式主语的常见句型：

It is a waste of time doing...　做……是浪费时间的。

It is no good/use doing...  做……是没有好处的/没用的。

It is worthwhile doing...  做……是值得的。

It is useless doing...  做……是没有用的。

It is no fun doing...  做……是没有乐趣的。

◆It is no use regretting for the past.

悔恨过去是没用的。

◆It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter.

同他争辩这件事真是浪费时间。

[温馨提示]

当句型“There is no...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词­ing形式作主语。

◆There is no joking about such a matter.

这种事开不得玩笑。

◆There is no denying that the environment of that country is from bad to worse.

不能否认的是，那个国家的环境状况正在逐步恶化。

三、动词­ing形式的逻辑主语

动词­ing形式作主语时，如果要突出动作的执行者，要在其前面加上动作的逻辑主语，这个逻辑主语通常为名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。

◆Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.

他们前来帮忙对我们来说是巨大的鼓舞。

◆Tom's being outspoken won the respect of his fellow workers.

汤姆的坦诚赢得了同事们的尊敬。

四、动词­ing形式作主语时谓语动词的数

动词­ing形式作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式；但两个或两个以上表达不同意义的动词­ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

◆Eating and dressing is still a big question in some African countries.

衣食在一些非洲国家仍旧是一个大问题。

◆To many parents，raising children means providing them with food and clothes.They are wrong as mental care is also very important for kids.

对许多父母来说，养育孩子意味着为他们提供衣食。他们错了，因为心理关怀对孩子也很重要。

◆Walking，running and cycling are all healthy forms of exercise.

散步、跑步和骑自行车都是有益健康的锻炼形式。

[温馨提示]

动词不定式与动词­ing形式作主语的区别：动词不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作；

动词­ing 形式作主语往往表示一般的或抽象的多次性动作。

◆To play with fire will be dangerous.

玩火将很危险。(指某一具体动作)

◆Playing with fire is dangerous.

玩火是危险的。(泛指玩火)

[即时演练]——用所给动词的适当形式填空

(1)(2021·全国乙卷) Simply saying (say) thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations.

(2)Building up a dream team is (be) more complex than simply hiring the best talent.

(3)It is a waste of time trying (try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games.

(4)Learning (learn) to think critically is an important skill that today's children will need for the future.

(5)Her losing  (lose) her new bike really made her mother very angry.

[核心词汇]

cheat v．欺骗；作弊 n.骗子；作弊者

[经典例句]Any form of cheating means automatic disqualification.

任何形式的作弊都意味着自动取消资格。

cheat sb of sth　欺骗某人某事

cheat death　幸免于难

feel cheated　觉得受骗(或上当)了

cheat at sth　(尤指在游戏、比赛、考试等中)作弊

cheat sb out of sth　阻止某人得到某物

[练通]——单句语法填空

(1)Many people felt cheated (cheat) when the government refused to solve their problems.

(2)The hateful young man cheated the old woman of her money，which made us very angry.

[写美]——续写佳句之细节描写

(3)他被人从他那燃烧的棚屋顶上救了下来，捡了条命。

He cheated death when he was rescued from the roof of his burning cottage.

[重点句型]

1．while引导并列句

(教材原句) Some members like to do yoga because it helps them keep their muscles toned，while others love to do aerobics—one elderly man says the energy of it makes him feel young again!

有些人喜欢做瑜伽，因为它能帮助他们保持肌肉的紧致，而另一些人则喜欢做有氧运动——一位老人说，有氧运动的能量让他再次感到年轻！

(1)while作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而、然而”；

(2)while作从属连词，引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候”，while从句中常用延续性动词；其省略形式为while doing/done；

(3)while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然”，从句一般位于句首。while不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用；