Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语必修第一册人教版(教师用书)
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Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
附加疑问句
附加疑问句又称反意疑问句,包括陈述部分和附加疑问部分。附加疑问句结构,应注意陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问部分用否定式;陈述部分为否定式时,疑问部分用肯定式。句式为:助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语。
①They work hard,don't they?
他们工作很努力,不是吗?
②Lucy isn't tall,is she?
露西不高,是吗?
一、附加疑问句的具体用法
1.陈述句的主语是代词或名词,附加疑问部分的主语通常用相应的代词或用与主语一致的代词。
①He is your teacher,isn't he?
他是你的老师吧?
②People shouldn't drop litter on the pavements,should they?
人们不该在人行道上乱扔废弃物,是吧?
2.陈述句的主语是one时,附加疑问部分的主语可用one/he/you。
One can't be too careful,can one/you?
越小心越好,是吧?
3.陈述部分的主语是everybody,everyone,someone,somebody,no one,nobody,anybody,anyone等合成代词时,附加疑问部分的主语通常用they,也可用he,尤其是nobody,no one等作主语时。
①Anyone can do it,can't he?
任何人都能做,不是吗?
②Everyone enjoyed the meal,didn't they?
每个人都享受大餐,是吧?
4.陈述部分的主语是everything,anything,something,nothing等不定代词,不定式或从句时,附加疑问部分的主语用it。
①Everything seems all right now,doesn't it?
现在一切似乎都正常了,是不是?
②Nothing can't be solved,can it?
什么都能解决,是吗?
5.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that或these,those时,附加疑问部分的主语分别为it和they。
①This is an interesting film,isn't it?
这是一部有趣的电影,不是吗?
②These are your books,aren't they?
这些是你的书,不是吗?
6.陈述部分为there be结构时,附加疑问部分仍用there。
①There will be a show in the hall,won't there?
大厅里将有一场表演,不是吗?
②There used to be a temple at the foot of the mountain,usedn't/didn't there?
山脚下曾有座庙,是不是?
[即时训练1]
用恰当的附加疑问句填空
(1)Everything has gone wrong, hasn't it?
(2)Everybody knows what happiness means, doesn't he/don't they?
(3)One should focus on the class, shouldn't one/you?
(4)This is for me, isn't it?
二、附加疑问句的三个特殊点
1.陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
当陈述部分带有seldom,hardly,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等含有否定意义的词时,疑问部分用肯定形式。
①There is little doubt in your mind that he is honest,is there?
你在心中几乎不怀疑他的诚实,是吗?
②You and I could hardly work together,could we?
你和我很难一起工作,不是吗?
[提醒] 如果陈述部分包含带有表示否定意义的前缀或后缀的单词,一般仍看作肯定句,其反意疑问部分用否定形式。常见的否定前缀和后缀有:un,dis,im,less等。
Tom dislikes playing basketball,doesn't he?
汤姆不喜欢打篮球,是吗?
2.祈使句的反意疑问句
祈使句后的疑问部分不表示反问,而表示一种语气。其结构为:
肯定祈使句,will/won't you?
否定祈使句,will you?
Let us...,will you?
Let's...,shall we?
①Close the window,will/won't you?
关上窗户,好吗?
②Let's go to the