Unit4 SectionⅡ Learning About Language-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第四册人教版（教师用书）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language

短语

一、名词短语

名词短语的构成：(限定词) ＋(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词) ＋名词＋(介词短语) 。在句中当作名词，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。

The young lady over there is my English teacher.

那边的那位年轻女士是我的英语老师。

As a student, you must finish your homework on time.

作为一名学生，你必须按时完成作业。

I have three close friends.

我有三个要好的朋友。

[对点训练1]——完成句子

①We've just come across  an old friend  (一位老朋友)we haven't seen for ages.

②Miss Li,  our math teacher　(我们的数学老师), is very young.

③Many people including doctors, nurses and scientists are  real heroes　(真正的英雄).

④After  a temporary hesitation　(短暂的犹豫), David nodded in agreement, finally deciding to join in the cross­country team.

二、动词短语

动词短语的构成：1.动词＋副词；2.动词＋介词；3.动词＋副词十介词；4.动词＋名词＋介词；5.动词＋名词等。在句中作谓语。

First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden our horizons.

首先，作为聪明的在线学习者，我们可以充分利用最广泛的教育资源来拓宽视野。

As long as we devote ourselves to English learning, we would make great progress.

只要我们致力于英语学习，我们就会取得很大的进步。

He has put aside a little money for a rainy day.

他存了一点钱以备不时之需。

[对点训练2]——完成句子

①You  take an active part in  (积极参加) all kinds of activities, which will help to make life more interesting.

②It is essential that you  take advantage of  (利用)time to study.

③By the time she  caught up with  (追上) her husband, their children had been already back home safe and sound.

三、形容词短语

形容词短语的构成：(副词) ＋形容词＋(介词短语) 。在句中当作形容词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。

I'm very glad to see you.

我见到你很高兴。

Your room is large and beautiful.

你的房间大且美丽。

The most beautiful tourist attraction in China is Mount Huang.

中国最美丽的旅游景点是黄山。

A good friend is someone who makes you really happy.

好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。

Cold and hungry, he stopped working and went home.

又冷又饿，他停下工作回家了。

[对点训练3]——写出下列句中的形容词短语构成形式及在句中所作成分

①I find English very hard to learn.

  副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语　

②Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.

　副词＋and＋副词＋形容词；作表语　

③The road is long enough.

　形容词＋副词；作表语　

④The medicine is good for stomach.

　形容词＋介词短语；作表语　

⑤He looked very worried.

　副词＋形容词；作表语　

四、副词短语

副词短语的构成：(副词) ＋副词。在句中当作副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。

She is by no means poor.In fact, she is quite rich.

她一点也不穷。实际上，她非常富有。(副词quite修饰形容词rich)

Bill did the work very well.

比尔的工作做得很好。(副词very修饰副词well，副词短语very well修饰动词did)

We are all entirely responsible for our actions.

我们都要对自己的行为负全部责任。(副词all修饰副词entirely，副词短语all entirely修饰形容词短语responsible for)

Luckily, I will have enough spare time to take part in the activity.

幸运的是，我将有足够的时间参加活动。(副词Luckily作状语修饰整个句子)

[对点训练4]——找出下列句中的副词短语

①You are driving too fast.Could you drive less slowly?

②Strangely enough, she didn't seem to like ballet very much.

③The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.

答案①too fast；less slowly　②Strangely enough；very much　③quite slowly；very late

五、介词短语

介词短语的构成：介词＋宾语，能充当介词后宾语的主要有名词、宾格代词、动词­ing形式等。在句中作表语、定语或状语。

David stood firmly in his position, ignoring anything around.

大卫坚定地站在自己的位置上，无视周围的一切。

With the help of the cell phone, not only can we get in contact with others, but we can also deal with some problems.

在手机的帮助下，我们不仅可以与他人联系，还可以处理一些问题。

We all know success doesn't happen by chance. Only through hard work can we manage to achieve our dream!

我们都知道成功不是偶然发生的。只有通过努力工作，我们才能实现我们的梦想！

[对点训练5]——完成句子

①We found everything  in the lab　(在实验室里) in good order before doing experiment.

②He has been working here as an assistant to chairman  for ten years　(十年了).

③The racing route began  at our school gate  (在我们学校门口)and ended  at the foot of the South Hill　(在南山脚下).

[核心词汇]

1．resign vi.&vt.辞职；辞去

[经典佳句]

Finding no lodging，I resigned myself to passing the night under the stars.