Unit3 SectionⅢ Using Language-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第四册人教版（教师用书）

Section Ⅲ　Using Language

原文呈现

Text 1

When people talk of① exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting② it. Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.

More exploration means more pollution, The Deepwater Horizon③ spilled over 200 million gallons④ of oil into the sea in 2010. ❶Plastic pollution is also bad, killing many birds and fish，and has even been found in our tap water.

❶主干为第二个and连接的两个并列句，killing many birds and fish为现在分词短语作结果状语。

Mining for resources is very damaging, especially in the Arctic. ❷Because of climate change, there is less ice now，which means we can look for more fossil fuels⑤ further north.   But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this negative cycle⑥ will continue.  Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong.

❷为复合句。句中Because of climate change作原因状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面句子的内容。

Overfishing⑦ is another problem. Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so­called⑧ research. ❸Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering⑨” these intelligent creatures without mercy⑩.

❸为复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句。

The sea is home to⑪ life, not human beings' possessions⑫.  It is huge, but it is more sensitive⑬ than we think. If we do not protect it, future generations will not forgive us.

Text 2

To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents⑭  may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address⑮ important issues such as climate change. ❹We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action⑯.  Therefore, more research is necessary.

❹为复合句。句中what引导宾语从句；so that引导目的状语从句。

Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging⑰  new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth.  It may help us discover new medicines, as well as⑱ new sources of food and energy. Accessing⑲  the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes.

The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of⑳ resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.

Of course, there are still environmental risks. However, these should be balanced with economic needs. ❺Hopefully， as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.

❺为复合句。句中as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”。

语料积累

①talk of谈论

②exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削

③“深水地平线( Deepwater Horizon)”钻井平台位于纽奥良外海，在2010年4月20日发生爆炸事故，造成11人死亡，两亿加仑石油泄漏。

④gallon  n．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)

⑤fossil fuel 化石燃料

⑥negative cycle不良循环

⑦overfishing  n．过度捕捞

⑧so­called adj.(表示不认同)所谓的；(引出约定俗成的称谓)人称……的

⑨murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀

⑩mercy  n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠

without mercy  无情地

⑪be home to  是……的家园

⑫possession n．(usually pl.)个人财产；拥有；控制

⑬sensitive adj.敏感的；灵敏的

⑭opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者

⑮address vt.解决

⑯take action 采取行动

⑰log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n．正式记录；日志；原木

⑱as well as 和；也

⑲access  vt.到达；进入；使用

⑳amounts of...大量的……

balance  vt.使均衡；使平衡

hopefully adv.有希望地

option n．选择；选择权

课文译文

文本一

人们在谈论扩大海洋勘探的时候，通常指的是海洋开发。海洋勘探已经造成了许多问题，并将继续引发更多问题。

扩大勘探意味着污染加剧。2010年“深水地平线”号钻井平台在海中溢出了两亿多加仑的石油。塑料污染也十分严重，导致许多鸟类和鱼类死亡，甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了塑料污染。

资源开采极具破坏性，尤其是在北极地区。由于气候变化，现在冰川减少了，这意味着我们可以在更北的地方寻找更多的化石燃料。但是，如果我们烧尽这些燃料，冰川将融化得更多，这一不良循环将持续下去。气候变化正警告我们情况不妙。

过度捕捞是另一个问题。鲸鱼和海豚也遭到捕杀，成为盘中美食或用于所谓研究。尽管早在1982年就已被禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。

海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私产。海洋广阔无垠，但比我们想象的更为敏感。如果我们不保护它，子孙后代将不会原谅我们。

文本二

为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。反对者也许会忧心忡忡，但是海洋探索对我们的未来十分重要。例如，科学考察船可以帮助应对像气候变化这种重要的问题。我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们才能采取行动。因此，有必要开展更多的研究。

更多地了解海洋也将有助于我们更好地管理其资源。记载新物种将提升我们对地球上的生命的了解。这可能还会帮助我们发现新的药物，以及新的食物和能源来源。深海探索还有可能会帮助我们预测地震等事件。

世界人口正在不断增长，我们需要新的资源来维系未来的发展。海洋和冰川之下可能蕴藏着大量的资源，不仅仅是石油和天然气，还有珍贵的矿物。

当然，环境风险仍然存在。但是，这些风险应该与经济需求相平衡。