Unit3 SectionⅠ Reading and Thinking-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第四册人教版（教师用书）

Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking

555原文呈现

REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA

Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of①mankind's greatest achievements.  To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations②. Marco Polo's tales③ inspired European explorers to search for④ sea routes from west to east. However, merchants⑤ and explorers from the East set sail⑥ from east to west many years before Columbus first did.

❶In ancient times, silk from China found its way⑦ overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as⑧ the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended⑨ along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around⑩ Ceylon (now Sri Lanka ). ❷Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate⑪  trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Haun's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.

❶是复合句。句中what引导名词性从句，作介词along的宾语。

❷是复合句。句中to negotiate trade deals为不定式短语作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面句子的内容。

Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets⑫ sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold⑬ and were in a league⑭ of their own at that time. Under the command of⑮ Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal⑯ families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures⑰  of friendship in return for⑱ gold, silk, and spices⑲.  ❸Although China withdrew⑳ from further expeditions  after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.

❸是复合句。句中Although引导让步状态从句。

To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. ❹The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come. China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.

❹是复合句。句中travelled by Zheng He为过去分词短语作后置定语；which引导非限制性定语从句。

China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore.  In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view， there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.

❺Hundreds of years on， and with the latest technology in hand， the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.

❺为简单句。句中with the latest technology in hand为with复合结构作原因状语；句中to trade和to enhance relationships为不定式作定语。

语料积累

①form the foundation of奠定……的基础

②civilisation n．文明

③tale n．故事；叙述

④search for寻找

⑤merchant n．商人；批发商

adj.海上货运的

⑥set sail起航；开航

⑦find one's way找到……的路

⑧become/be known as作为……著称

⑨extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长

⑩centre around集中于；围绕着；以……为中心

⑪negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议)

vi.谈判；磋商；协商

⑫fleet n．舰队；机群；车队

⑬behold vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看见

⑭league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛

in a league of one's own独领风骚

⑮under the command of在……指挥下

⑯royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的

⑰gesture  n．姿态；表示

⑱in return for作为回报；作为交换

⑲spice  n．(调味)香料

⑳withdraw vi.&vt.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离

withdraw from退出；撤回

expedition  n．远征，考察

channel   n．航道；海峡；频道

revisit    vt.重游；再访

maritime    adj.海的；海运的；海事的

the Belt and Road Initiative“一带一路”倡议

bond    n．纽带；关系

vt.&vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合

years to come未来的几年

for the benefit of为了……的利益