Unit1 Science fiction 单元知识回扣～单元达标检测-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第四册人教版（教师用书）

Ⅰ.核心词汇

1．The   rumour　(传闻)  that he was dismissed was confirmed.

2．The runners have noticeably quickened their  pace　(速度) .

3．They set May 1 as International  Labour  (劳动)  Day showing respect for workers of all countries.

4．He had to admit that he had made a  ridiculous  (可笑的)  mistake.

5．They were excited that their product was  superior　(占优势的)  to their competitors'.

6．A  salary　(薪水)  is the money that someone earns each month or year from their employer.

7．If you don't concentrate more on your work，you'll be  dismissed　(解雇).

8．He took a  handkerchief  (手帕)  from his pocket and lightly wiped his mouth.

9．The information is processed in a  random  (随机的)  order.

10．It's difficult to preserve your  dignity　(尊严)  when you have no job and no home.

Ⅱ.拓展词汇

1．You'd better not walk into the room with  muddy  (mud)  boots on your feet.

2．You can be paid in cash  weekly  (week)  or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.

3．I taught my daughter how to do  division　(divide)  at the age of six.

4．She read the  declaration  (declare)  aloud for everyone to hear it clearly.

5．They made the wrong  calculation  (calculate)  of their situation.

6．He was  appointed  as headmaster and wanted to tell his girlfriend the good news at the  appointed  time, but she missed their  appointment  somehow. (appoint)

7．A bomb  exploded  in the market. The  explosion  was heard a mile away. (explode)

8．There wasn't enough evidence to prove him  guilty  (guilt). Finally, he was set free.

Ⅲ.重点短语

1．　test out　检验；测试

2．　more like　更像是；更接近

3．　experiment with  以……做试验

4．　or rather　(或者) 说得更正确点

5．　turn around　转动；转身

6．　after all　毕竟

7．　on a．..basis　根据； 以……的方式(基准) 

8．　pros and cons　事物的利与弊；支持与反对

9．　superior to　比……更好；更胜一筹

10．　take over　占上风；取而代之；接管；接手

11．　conflict with  与……冲突或抵触

12．　have an urge to do sth　有强烈的欲望做某事

13．　turn out　关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是

14．　fall away  (逐渐) 减少；消失

Ⅳ.重点句型

1．more...than...

教材原句：He seemed more like a human than a machine.

仿写：当她的儿子撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。

She was  more sad than angry  when her son lied.

2．make＋宾语＋do sth(省略to) /v.­ed/adj./n./介词短语

教材原句：As a favour，Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant.

仿写：他的父母设法让他在医院进行了检查。

His parents managed to  make him examined  in the hospital.

3．全部倒装句型

教材原句：As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.

仿写：坐在第一排的是一些模范工人。

　Seated in the first line are  some advanced workers.

4．find it＋adj.＋to do sth中it为形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语

教材原句：It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and science fiction in the future.

仿写：只要你提前简要地了解唐朝历史，你会发现学习唐诗很容易。

　You will find it easy to learn Tang poems  as long as you understand the history of Tang Dynasty briefly ahead of time.

5．强调句型

教材原句：It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.

仿写：有的东西，只有在你真正失去的时候才会感到它对你是多么的重要。

　It is not until you really lose something that  you realize how important it means to you.

6．as if引导方式状语从句

教材原句：Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.

仿写：当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。

When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks  as if it were broken　.

 

 

(时间：100分钟　满分：120分)

第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Climate Science fiction (cli­fi) authors have been exploring the impact of weather­gone­wild for decades. Here are a few of them that still ring true today.

The Crystal World

J. G. Ballard is often considered the godfather of cli­fi. The famous British author's novels of the 1960s, including The Burning World, The Drowned World and The Wind From Nowhere, imagine terrible climate­based disasters.

But they're all too gentle in nature compared with his first truly mature work, The Crystal World. In a sense, The Crystal World is a horror novel—instead of the horror happening to a person, it's happening to Earth.

Hothouse

Brian Aldiss' Hothouse—a series of short stories published in 1962—remains one of the most extreme visions of climate change. In it, Earth of the furthest future has changed so completely that it's nearly unrecognizable. Humans struggle to survive in this strange world of heat waves—which, admittedly, isn't very scientifically possible but is all the more wonderful because of Aldiss' unbound imagination.

The Ice Schooner

The climate change in Michael Moorcock's 1969 novel The Ice Schooner is man­made in a different way: It's caused by a long, extreme winter that settles around Earth following a nuclear war. The book presents a world where a new ice age has resulted in a frozen planet. There's nothing scientific about Moorcock's setting. But it does warn, in its own way, of the disastrous climate change that humanity can bring to the world.

Ice