Unit 5 Section 4 Grammar—定语从句(1)-【赢在微点】轻松课堂2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（北师大版）

Section 4　Grammar—定语从句(1) 语法图解 观察句子 1.I recently went back to the town where (=in which) my father was born. 2.That was a time when (=during which) the Chinese people were divided geographically. 3.There are many reasons why (=for which) people learn a foreign language. 4.The hotel where (=at/in which) we stayed was very clean. 5.The first of October, 1949, is the day when (=on which) the People􀆳s Republic of China was founded. 6.I prefer to live in a country where (=in which) there is plenty of sunshine. 7.This is the place where (=at/in which) we first met. 我的领悟 1.关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语,如句2,5;关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语,如句1,4,6,7;关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语,如句3。 2.关系副词when, where 和why 相当于“介词+which”。 一、关系副词的指代及功能 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 1.关系副词when引导定语从句时,先行词应是表示时间的名词,关系词在从句中作时间状语(=at/in/on/during which)。 ①I still remember the time when (=at which) I first travelled by plane. 我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。 ②That happened last Sunday when I saw you. 那件事发生在我见你的上周日。 2.关系副词where引导定语从句时,先行词应是表示具体地点或抽象地点的名词,关系词在从句中作地点状语(=at/in/on ... which)。 ①They went on to Beijing, where (=in which) they stayed for a week. 他们接着去了北京,在那儿待了一周。 ②She walked into the room where (=in which) he stayed. 她走进他待的房间。 3.关系副词why引导定语从句时,先行词必须为reason,关系词在从句中作原因状语(=for which)。 ①Can you explain the reason why (=for which) you don􀆳t help him? 你能解释一下不帮助他的理由吗? ②Can you tell me the reason why (=for which) you didn􀆳t come to his birthday party? 你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗? 二、关系代词和关系副词的判断 表时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时,定语从句可用关系代词引导,也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语,应用关系副词;若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则应用关系代词。 ①Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when作时间状语) ②Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that或which作spent的宾语) ③I don􀆳t know the reason why he didn􀆳t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语) ④I won􀆳t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 我决不会听你给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语,所以用that/whic