Unit 1 Discover useful Strctures 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

选择性必修一 Unit1 Discover Useful Structures Non-Restrictive Relative Clauses 非限制性定于从句 语法讲解 知识脉络 语法精讲 1.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的不同 (1)定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与其所修饰的先行词关系紧密;非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切,它与主句之间常用逗号隔开,起补充说明的作用。 He bought a book which is interesting. 他买了一本有趣的书。(限制作用) He bought a book,which is interesting. 他买了一本书,那本书很有趣。(补充说明) (2)限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词,而非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是单个的名词或代词,也可以是整个句子。 I don't like the book that/which my brother has bought for me. 我不喜欢哥哥给我买的这本书。 Tom had made great progress,which made his parents very happy. 汤姆取得了很大进步,这使他父母很高兴。 2.非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句往往是对先行词或整个主句的附加说明,它与主句之间一般用逗号隔开,常常单独翻译,如果省略,主句意义仍然完整。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as, which,who,whom,whose等,可做定语从句的主语、宾语、表语及定语。关系副词有when,where等,可做定语从句的状语。关系代词和关系副词在非限制性定语从句中一般不能省略。 (1)which引导 which引导非限制性定语从句,可指代主句中的名词,也可以指代整个主句。可在从句中做主语、宾语或者表语。 The old bike,which was bought three years ago,is almost out of use now. 这辆旧自行车是三年前买的,现在几乎不用了。(指代上文的名词) The boy is often very careless,which makes his mother angry. 这个男孩经常很粗心,这使得他妈妈很是生气。(指代整个主句) (2)who/whom引导 who/whom引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句中的人。who可在从句中做主语、宾语或者表语;whom在从句中做宾语。 The girl,who had won first prize,went to Hong Kong for education. 这个女孩,已经获得一等奖,去香港接受教育了。 This morning I met Tom,whom I hadn't seen for years. 今天早上我遇到汤姆了,我好几年没见他了。 (3)whose引导 whose引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中做定语修饰名词。 The professor,whose daughter is very famous,is giving a speech. 这位教授正在做演讲,他的女儿非常著名。 (4)when引导 when引导非限制性定语从句,可在从句中做时间状语,指代主句中表示时间的词语。 He will put off the picnic until May,when he will be free. 他将把野餐推迟到五月,那时他会有空。 (5)where引导 where引导非限制性定语从句,可在从句中做地点状语,指代主句中表示地点的词语。 Ten days later,they arrived at a place,where there were many beautiful flowers. 十天后,他们到了一个地方,那里有许多漂亮的花。 (6)as引导 as引导非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句,可在从句中做主语、宾语或者表语。as引导的从句可位于句首、句中或句末。 As you know,I don't like going out at weekends. 你知道的,我周末不喜欢出去。 The old bridge,as we all know,has attracted a lot of visitors. 我们都知道,这座古桥已经吸引了很多游客。 【即学即用】 单句语法填空 ①The girl,_________________ I often say hello to,is helping me with my English.  ②_________________ we had expected,the ne