2024届高三英语一轮复习宾语从句复习讲义

2023-09-18
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2024届高中英语基础语法学习:宾语从句复习讲义 一、定义 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二、连接词 that:I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if:I don't know what the word means. “What”:Idon't know what the word means.. I don't know where he found the book. 只用whether的情况: 1.与or not连用: I don't know whether it's raining or not 2.与动词不定式连用: He doesn't know whether to accept the invitation. 3.连接词前有介词时: It depends on whether he is coming. 三、时态 1.主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam. 2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。 She said that she was a student. She said that she would fly to Japan in a week She said that she had finished her homework already. 3.如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从 句要用一般现在时态。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 考语序 在宾语从句中,引导词后一律用陈述句的语序。例如: I don t know where he works.我不知道他在哪儿工作。 Could you tell me what she wants?你能告诉我她要什么吗? 需要注意的是:宾语从句的引导词有时是由特殊疑问词转化而来的, 那么从句后用逗号还是句号,完全起决于主句的向式:若主句为陈述 句、祈使句,句末就用句号;若主句为疑问句,句末就用问号。例如 Do you know when he will come?你知道他什么时候会来吗? I don t know what his name is.我不知道他叫什么名字。 考引导词的使用 1.如果宾语从句为陈述句,则用that引导宾语从句。That本身并无 实际意义,也不作任何成分,因此常常省略。例如: I think(that)he had made a mistake.我认为他犯了一个错误。 2.如果宾语从句为一般疑问句,就用if或whether引导,此时,宾 语从句用陈述语序。例如: She asked if(whether)I could help her.她问我是否能帮助她。 注意:a.当提出两种选择时,whether用得较多,而if很少用。例如 Idon't know whether he is coming or not.我不知道他是否会 来。 b.作介词宾语时,用whether而不用if。例如 I am interested in whether she'11 go abroad.我对她是否出国 感兴趣。 c.whether引导的宾语从句可转移到主句前,if则不能。例如: Whether this is true or not,I cannot say.这件事是否真实, 我说不上。 3.如果宾语从句为特殊疑问句,则用连接代词who,what,which和 连接副词when,where,how,why等引导。例如: Could you tell me which class you are in?你能告诉我你在哪 个班吗?三、考时态呼应 1.当主句的谓语动词用一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可用各种所需的 时态。例如: I think that she'11 be back in a week.我想她一周后会回来。 Idon't know whom they are waiting for.我不知道他们正在等 谁。 2.主句的谓语动词用一般过去时,从句的谓语动词需要用过去的相应 时态,即:一般过去时,过去将来时,过去进行时或过去完成时。例 如: I knew what her name was. 我知道她叫什么名字。 She asked me if I had been to Beijing. 她问我是否到过北京。 特别需要注意的是: )主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,从句的谓语动词可用各种所需的时 态。例如: He will tell you that he has ju

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2024届高三英语一轮复习宾语从句复习讲义
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2024届高三英语一轮复习宾语从句复习讲义
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