Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 限制性定语从句(3) [对应学生用书P16] [观察] 1．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 2．After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. 3．Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece，and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water. 4．Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. [探究] 1．句中加黑词都是关系词，引导定语从句。 2．句2、4中先行词是表示人或物的名词，关系词在从句中作主语，定语从句用关系代词引导。 3．句1、3中先行词是表时间或地点的名词，关系词在从句中作时间或地点状语，定语从句用关系副词引导。 1．除了以上关系词外，还有哪些关系词可以引导定语从句？ 表示物的关系代词which；表示所有关系的关系代词whose；表示原因的关系副词why。 2．定语从句中的介词是否可以提前？ 有些介词可以提前，构成“介词＋关系代词”结构。若定语从句的谓语是以介词结尾的短语动词，则不可把介词移至从句之首。 一、定语从句的关系词 [感知] 1．The woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my mother. 正在会上发言的那位女士是我的母亲。 2．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress which/that I gave her. 昨天艾米丽穿着我给她的新裙子。 3．The man whose leg broke in a match used to be a football player. 在比赛中摔断腿的那个人曾经是一名足球运动员。 4．We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true. 我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。 5．Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. 他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词但不能说完整句子的阶段。 6．The reason why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple is that they want to preserve it for the next generation. 科学家们夜以继日地齐心协力拯救这座寺庙的原因是他们想为下一代保护这座寺庙。 [探究] 1．句中黑体词引导的都是定语从句。 2．句1、2和3中关系代词that/who、which/that、whose引导限制性定语从句，在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语。句1的先行词指人；句2的先行词指物；句3的先行词指人。 3．句4、5、6是由关系副词引导的限制性定语从句，分别在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 [归纳] 1．在主从复合句中作定语的句子叫定语从句。 2．被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 3．定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导。 4．定语从句的关系词 关系词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词 who 指人 主语/宾语 whom 指人 宾语 whose 指人/物