2023年中考英语阅读技巧之九整体把握文章剖析篇章结构

模块9整体把握文章剖析篇章结构 技巧点拨 英文阅读应遵循整体性原则，绝不应该仅仅重视语言知识的掌握，把文章断成几个孤立 的片段去处理其中的词汇、句型、语法结构，而是要在此基础上进行语篇分析，逐步培养驾 驭篇章的能力。应该带着一两个问题去读，从整体上了解，然后再分段阅读。要找出每段的 主题句(Topic Sentence)。接下来再把文章的自然段落分成几个部分，用图表等方式归纳 出来，使得文章的篇章结构一目了然。 左框内容：三大文体巧剂析 中间下框内容：议论文 记叙文 1.常以时间、游踪、人物的见闻、物、事件、感 变化等为线索展开 2弄清结构：开头和结尾，过渡、伏笔和照应， 落和层次等 1.以时间、空间、逻辑、程序等为线索展开 说明文 2.一殷结构形式：先阐释说明对象（总） 一再 开说明阐释的内容（分）一一最后是结语（总） 1. 两种基本形式：立论式与驳论式 2. 全文结构：提出问题一一分析问题一一解决 题 3 论证结构：并列式、对照式、层进式、总分 讲透一题【典例1】(201广西百色 We all know the dangers of fires.It's good and necessary for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire.Here are some suggestions. Put a smoke alarm()in the house.Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off.The alarm makes a loud sound.The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once. Make escape()plans.We should know all the ways out of the house.If there is a fire. everyone follows the plan to get out.Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily. Buy fire extinguishers()in the house.Everyone in the family should know how to use them. Practise for a fire.We do fire practice because we teach children about fire safety.Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules: ★ Don't open a hot door!The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door. Stay close to the floor!Smoke can be more dangerous than fire.The best air is near the floor because smoke rises. What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn?First,stop!Don't run!The fire burns faster because of more air.Drop!Fall to the floor.Then roll!Turing over and over will make the fire go out.Put a blanket()around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you. There are many possible causes for fires.A wise family is ready all the time.If there is a fire. don't forget to call 119 for help. 61.When a smoke alarm rings at home,it means A.you have to get up B.water is running to the floor C.something is burning D.someone breaks your window 62.The writer advises us to do the following to prepare for a fir