2023年中考英语阅读技巧之六快速定位首段尾段 轻松掌握文章大意

模块6快速定位首段尾段 轻松掌握文章大意 技巧点拨 西方人说话向来喜欢开门见山，所以英语文章往往是在首段开门见山提出观点，在 尾段进行“综上所述”的总结：而在每个段落，也都是以中心句起，以总结句落。段落的安 排紧扣篇章中心思想，使文章结构成为一个“以（中心）段带篇、以（中心）句带段”的整 体。而文章的首段和尾段更是英语文章大意所在。所以，如果同学们能够快速锁定首段和尾 段，就可以轻松掌握文章的大意，也就能做到“首尾在心，紧扣中心”。 需要注意的是，首尾既包括文章的首段尾段，又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想 快速把捏文章中心，文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点，因此同学们应格外注意它 们。 抓住文章首段与尾段从而掌握文章大意的阅读方法属于略读（或称为跳跃式阅读）。具体 做法是：首先看一下标题（在有标题的情况下），根据标题中的关键词米确定文章的范围。接 着读第一段，寻找关键句或主题句，然后再浏览一下其他段落的首句和末句，最后阅读结尾 段落。要注意尾段很可能会出现与首段相呼应的地方，这会有助于把握文章的主旨。 记叙文 1多数记叙文通常采用“总-分”或“分-总”结 首段与尾段至关重要。 2.一般按时间、空间、感情、故事情节等几种线 说明文与应用文 1.多数说明文与应用文通常采用“总-分”结构： 总的说明，其他段落分别说明或具体论述首段。 2.最典型的是新闻报道类文章，此类体裁的文辛 高考阅读中逐海增多。 3.一殷按时间、空间、事理（逻辑）顺序展开。 议论文 L.结构通常有四种：并列式、对照式、层进式、 2.内容有三部分：引论一提出问题，本论一分材 结论一解决问题。 根据文章体裁特点，略读首段与尾段以掌握文意 讲透一题【典例1】(2011北京) What do you do if you're stranded(处于困境的)on a lonely island?Surely you need to find a way to get in touch with the outside world.Your best chance of doing this is to draw the attention of a passing plane. Body signals(信号) Pilots from different countries understand body signals if they have the correct training.When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line,it means,"yes".When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side,it means "no".If you want the pilot to know that it's safe to land,push your hands out in front of you and bend (your knees.If you want to say that it's not safe to land,put your arms in the air and move them to one side. Smoke signals The smoke from a fire can be seen from far away,so it's a good way to draw attention.If the weather is dry,it isn't hard to start a fire.Remember,however,that fires can be very dangerous if they get out of control.Never light a tire unless you're sure that it can't spread.If the ground is dark,light smoke can be seen more easily.Green grass and leaves produce light smoke. Ground-to-air signals It's a good idea lo build some signals,too.Use large pieces of wood to make the symbols id).If you can't find any wood,use earth.Some useful symbols are: F"I need food and water" Ⅱ"I need me