课时作业30 Survival+写作专练（五）-（课时作业）【红对勾讲与练】2024版新高考英语大一轮复习全新方案（外研版）

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8: 课时作业 30　 Survival Ⅰ. 阅读理解 " (2022·河南开封模拟) Many large plant eaters have been wiped out in the past 50,000 years. Now a study has found that the continents that lost the most of these animals had the biggest increases in wildfires in grasslands. “There􀆳s evidence today that herbivores (食 草动 物 ) can limit wildfires by reducing fuel load,” says Allison Karp at Yale University. “ In fact, some advocates of rewilding argue that restoring large herbivores can help reduce wildfires. ” A few studies have already found that there have been more fires in specific regions after the loss of large herbivores during the past 50,000 years. Karp and her colleagues decided to look at the global picture by analyzing two databases from official websites. One, called HerbiTraits, has information on all herbivores larger than 10 kilograms that have lived in the past 130, 000 years. The other, called the Global Paleofire Database, has records of charcoal ( 木 炭 ) deposited in lakes from 160 sites worldwide, which show changes in fire activity nearby. The team found that the biggest increases in fire activity were in the continents, such as South America, which lost the most large herbivores, with lower increases where there were fewer extinctions, such as in Africa. “The relation between herbivore extinctions and changes in fire activity is really strong,” Karp says. Karp says her study cannot tell us anything about the effects of this increased fire activity. But other studies suggest that they were dramatic. After hu