Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第一册外研版（课时作业）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Some wonderfully creative uses of X­rays have been in the world of art.But the most impressive one is to uncover what has been covered up.Details unfolded by an X­ray of a painting can't be seen any other way.For example，in the past，paintings were often repaired if small pieces of paint fell off the canvas(帆布)．These repairs cannot be seen just by looking at the painting.It takes an X­ray to discover where the repairs have been made.

An X­ray of a painting is one of the best ways to tell if it was created by a famous painter or if it is a forgery(伪造)．If there is a question as to whether an old master has painted a certain painting or not，X­rays are made and compared to those of paintings that are known to be original.If the brushstrokes(笔迹)，for example，are shown to be totally different from those in other works done by a certain artist，then the painting is proved to be a fake copy.

Since modern paints are usually made from different materials than paints of hundreds of years ago，the image they leave on an X­ray film looks different.This is another way X­rays can be used to spot a forgery.A modern artist will try to make a forgery look hundreds of years old by painting dirty varnish on it or by using artificial means to get the varnish to look cracked.To the naked eye the forgery may look old，but when a careful study of the X­ray image is made，the deception is obvious.

It was common many years ago for an artist to finish a painting，decide it wasn't any good，and paint a completely different picture on top of it.Or artists would paint over others'work — it was their version of recycling.Taking an X­ray is the only way to find out if there is a picture underneath the picture you see with your eyes.Sometimes museums will be more interested in the painting beneath than the one on top，and will restore the older one by having the top layer painstakingly removed.

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。X射线被应用在艺术上，文章以此展开主要介绍了X射线在绘画辨别方面的作用。

1．What is the main purpose of the article?

A．To provide information to police who are looking for stolen art work.

B．To persuade art dealers to check for fake copies before selling art work.

C．To help artists restore damaged artwork to its original appearance.

D．To explain how modern technology can be applied in unique ways.

解析：选D　写作意图题。根据第一段前两句可知，文章的目的是解释现代科技如何以独特的方式被应用。故选D。

2．What are X­rays used to do according to the passage?

A．Make repairs on paintings in the past.

B．Identify the authenticity of an artwork.

C．Change the materials of a forgery.

D．Remove the recyclable paints.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，X射线被用来鉴定艺术品的真假。故选B。

3．What does the underlined word “deception” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Comparison.　　　  B．Drawback.

C．Trickery.  D．Judgement.

解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段落的上文可知，裸眼看一个赝品看似旧的，但使用X射线时其中的端倪就显而易见，故画线词的意思是“花招，欺骗”。故选C。

4．Which is the best title for the passage?

A．X­ray Painting Techniques

B．X­ray Detectives

C．Forgery Studies

D．Creative Uses of Technology

解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据第一段前两句可知，本文讲述了X射线在艺术上的应用，文章以此展开介绍X射线在绘画辨别方面的作用。所以短文的最佳标题为“X射线侦探”。 故选B。

B

For many Americans，regular exercise is a complicated commitment—one made at the beginning of January that fades out within weeks or months.Busy work schedules，a lack of motivation and unease towards exercising in public all contribute to the discouraging statistics that only around a quarter of adults exercise enough per week.

This month，enterpriser Trent Ward and designer Yves Behar are uncovering their design for a mirror fitness system，Forme.Forme is reflective like a mirror，uses machine learning to heighten workouts，and offers attachments including ankle belts，rope handles and a heart rate monitor.When not in use，the two arms that form the resistance pulley(滑轮) system fold behind it and the display screen disappears，turning Forme into a simple full­length mirror.

Interest in home exercise has particularly increased recently around the world.Home workout apps have seen a significant uptick in downloads，and trendy brands like Peloton have rolled out

free virtual workouts for everyone stuck indoors.One French athlete who was kept away from others chose to run an entire marathon on his 23­foot balcony.

But beyond the new restrictions affecting daily workout routines，Ward and Behar are tapping into the same concerns that have made every home workout appealing：the ability to save time and sweat in the privacy of one's home.In an age of personal metrics(衡量标准) —where one can measure their heart rate and sleep cycles with smart watches and train for marathons with AI smart sneakers—Ward and Behar want to improve exercise through machine learning.Forme evaluates performance and adjusts weights accordingly.Easy access to performance data also makes it easier to track that progress and stay motivated.

Though it's too soon to tell if mirror gyms will be the trend of the late 2010s to 2020s，Behar explained that having a screen in the home can become the basis for more than just fitness，such as shopping or telemedicine.

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了设计师设计了一种人工智能的“镜子健身房”，让更多的人可以在家锻炼。

5．What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on?

A．The features of Forme.

B．The ways to operate Forme.

C．The reasons to develop Forme.

D．The theory behind Forme.

解析：选A　段落大意题。根据文章第二段Forme像镜子一样反光，利用机器学习提高锻炼水平，并提供踝带、绳柄和心率监测器。当不使用时，构成阻力滑轮系统的两条手臂在它后面折叠起来，屏幕就消失了，Forme变成了一个简单的全身镜。可知，本段主要讲的是Forme的特点。故选A。

6．How can Peloton benefit its users?

A．By raising their interest in marathon.

B．By offering them online workouts for free.

C．By keeping them far away from others.

D．By entertaining them with all kinds of downloads.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段家庭健身应用的下载量大幅上升，Peloton等时尚品牌也为宅在家里的每个人推出了免费的虚拟健身服务。可知，Peloton为用户提供免费的在线锻炼，从而让他们受益。故选B。

7．What makes home workout appealing according to Paragraph 4?

A．The better results than outdoor activities.