2024届高考英语一轮复习之定语从句详细解析讲义

1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略.2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose代指先行词 二、关系副词:when,wherewhy作时间状语 三.基本结构: 先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分 四.关系代词的用法: 1.that 和which that指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意:The roomin which Ilive is very big.(在个词后面不能用that) 2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句: 1)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从只能用that This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that The children like the second lesson that is about "The Football Match"3)先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导It is the only word (that) I know in the passage. Where is the very book (that) I bought just now? This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost. 4)先行词为everything,something ,anything ,all,none,much, little, few等不定代词定语从句只能用that时时。 I want everything (that) I want. I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.5)先行词被不定代词allany,no,every,little,much,many修饰时,只能用thatHere is all the money (that) I have. 6) 先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用thatI can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时,定语从用that引导Is it the one ( that ) you want ? 8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that 引导定语从句Who is the girl that won the first place? 3.who和whomwho指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在词后面不能省略Who is the teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous.=The doctor who/whom/that she went to the United States with last month is veryfamous