18 完形填空应对策略(微观技巧)-2024高考英语一轮复习小题大题微技能精析精练(新高考版)

18 完形填空应对策略(微观技巧) 【策略精析】 微观策略1：利用词汇线索解题 词汇线索主要是词语复现和词语同现。许多试题的答案在上下文中以原词复现、同义复现、同源词复现、上下义复现、词语同现及反义复现等重复出现来表达，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的词汇复现来选择正确的答案。 1.原词复现 【典例分析1】　(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) One day they’ll 47.wake__up and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a __48__. I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences. I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling... 48. A.dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact 【分析】　本题可以利用原词复现解题。由下文的“I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie...”并结合语境可知，本句意为：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B项。 【典例分析2】　(2020·全国卷Ⅱ) He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same __54__ as his father’s painting. “That’s the garden in our picture，”Nicolo’s son told his father. 54. A.room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden 【分析】　本题可以利用原词复现解题。由下文中“That’s the garden in our picture”的garden可知，尼科洛的儿子买的一本书中皮尔·波纳尔的图片中的椅子和花园跟尼科洛得到的画中的一模一样，这应该是让人惊讶的。 2.同/近义复现 【典例分析】　(2020·全国卷Ⅱ) It was signed(签名)“Bonnato” or so he thought，but when he 51.researched it，he only found “Bonnard，”a French 52.painter he had never heard of. ... They __57__ the other painting and learned that it was 58.actually Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” 57. A.collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied 【分析】　本题可以利用同义复现解题。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的“Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog”。根据上文的but when he 51.searched it可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D项。 3.同源词复现 【典例分析】　(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa. ......... This 52.view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as __53__ go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. 53. A.scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials 【分析】本题可以利用同源词复现解题。联系上文的“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro...”可知，爬山的人(climbers)可以经历五种生态系统，climb与climber是同源词。故选B