高中语法重难点突破定语从句专题课件-2024届高三英语一轮复习

定语从句 Attributive Clause 定语从句的概念 定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句，即由一个句子来充当定语。 It’s an invention which is used for keeping off the rain. You must do everything that I can do. 定语从句的分类 限制性定语从句：与先行词关系密切。如果去掉定语从句，主句不完整，与先行词之间无逗号。 He asked me a question which was about my study at school. 非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用。如果删除，主句意义仍然完整，与先行词之间有逗号。 My aunt Alice, whom I haven't seen for years , is coming next month. 如果去掉红色部分，句子意思显然不完整。 如果去掉红色部分，主句意思仍然没有多大影响。 定语从句的关键要素 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的分类 关系词的功能 关系代词：who/whom, that, which, as, whose 关系副词：when, where, why ① 引导定语从句 ② 代替先行词 ③ 在定语从句中担当一个句法成分 关系代词that引导的定语从句 that可以指人或指物；在句中充当主语或宾语。 指物：This is a book that interests a large number of people. (作主语) Is anything (that) I can do for you? (作宾语) 指人：He that would eat the fruit must climb the tree. (作主语) He is a man (that) you can safely trust. (作宾语) 注：① 关系代词that、which、who (宾格whom) 在从句中作宾语时，特别是在口语或非正式的书面表达中，常常省略。 ② that不用于非限制性定语从句。 ③ that不可置于介词后作宾语。 which/who/whom引导的定语从句 which指物；在句中充当主语或宾语。 The bus which has just left was the last one today. (作主语) The fish (which) I bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语) who/whom指人；在句中分别充当主语或宾语。 The expert who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. (作主语) Is he the boy who always wins maths competitions. (作主语) The one (who/whom) we are talking about is a scientist. (作宾语) This is the teacher to whom I referred. (作宾语) 关系代词whose引导的定语从句 whose引导的定语从句先行词既可是人，也可是物；whose在句中作定语。 先行词(人)：She is the girl whose brother is studying abroad. I talked with the man whose house was destroyed in the flood. 先行词(物)：The room whose window faces south is mine. He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. 注：当关系代词whose指代物时可以用“of which”替换。如： I’d like a room whose window faces south. = I’d like a room of which the window faces south. = I’d like a room the window of which faces south. 关系代词as引导