三大从句讲解课件-2023-2024学年初升高衔接课

1 语法专项 初中三大从句 从句的原理、从句的分类 初中 一、从句的原理 我吃了一个苹果. I ate an apple. 我看见 他吃了一个苹果. I saw that he ate an apple. 原本可以单独成句的“他吃了一个苹果” 成为了看见作用的对象 B成为A的附属成分。A即是“主人”，B服从于A。所以B即是从句 A B 从句 二、从句的分类 复习：英语中的三个句子类型？ 简单句 拆到不能再拆 并列句/并列复合句 七巧板 复杂句/主从复合句 俄罗斯套娃 二、从句的分类 词性 动词 数词 名词 副词 代词 介词 冠词 叹词 形容词 连词 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 宾语补语从句 名词性从句 定语从句 名词性从句 状语从句 副词性从句 二、从句的分类 句子成分/句型 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语 主语+谓语动词+直接宾语+间接宾语 主语+动词 主语+谓语动词+表语/主语补足语 主语从句 宾语从句 表语/主语补语从句 定语、状语、同位语 定语、状语、同位语从句 定语从句/形容词性从句 初中 一、定语从句 定语从句的关系词包括关系代词、关系副词和关系限定词。关系词的选择主要涉及先行词（被定语从句修饰的词）。注：先行词在定语从句中充当一定成分，可做主语、宾语等，在从句中谓语单复数受先行词影响。 1. 常见的关系代词及其用法：先行词是人：作主语用who，that，作宾语用who，whom，that；先行词是事物用that，which。 例: (1) This book which/ that makes me relaxed. (2) Mr. Gao who had read through the instructions carefully before doing his experiments didn’ t obtain satisfactory results. (3) I like this purple cup which/ that is one of my birthday presents. 2. 常见的关系副词及用法：when, where, why。 当先行词是表示时间的词时，用关系副词when, (when=at/ in/ on/ during(放在时间先行词前面的介词) + which); 当先行词是表示（抽象）地点的词时，用关系副词where，(where=in/at (放在地点先行词前面的介词) + which); 当先行词是reason时，用关系副词why (why= for which)。 例: (1) He always remembered the day when (on which) his father returned from the remote small village in America. (2) This is the point where you should think to make the problem be solved . (3) Please tell me the reason why my money is in your schoolbag. 一、定语从句 一、定语从句 4. 关系限定词及用法：whose=of which, which 间或也可以作关系限定词。 例: (1) This is the building whose windows (= the windows of the building) were all painted blue. (2) A teacher is a person whose duty (= the duty of a teacher) is to teach knowledge for students in the school. (3) I called him by the wrong name, for which mistake I should apologise. 3. that有时也可以做关系副词，相当于when, where或why, 有时还可以省略。 例: Mary still remembered the day (when/ that) his parents took her go to the hospital with her young sisters and brothers. 一、定语从句 5. 定语从句分类： 例: This is the book that/ which I want to buy. （1）限制性定语从句：