unit1 限制性定语从句知识点及练习题-2023-2024学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

高一英语教学案 定语从句 句子是一棵大树，主语、谓语、宾语（表语）是主干，定语、状语、补语是修饰语。 1.定语：对名词或代词起修饰限定作用的词或短语 翻译：……的，例如：她是一个 漂亮的女孩。 a red apple 一个红的苹果 形容词做定语 a beautiful girl 一个美丽的女孩 my friend 形容词性物主代词做定语 his pen a girl in red 一个穿红色衣服的女孩 介词短语作定语 (根据定语的位置分为前置定语和后置定语) 2.定语从句：起修饰限定作用的句子。 在句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句，叫做定语从句 3.定语从句的构成：主句（先行词）+关系词+从句 先行词：被修饰限定的那个人/物 关系词1. 关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that 2. 关系副词： when, where, why 关系词的作用1.连接主语和从句2.指代先行词3.在从句中充当成分 4.怎么写定语从句？ 例句He is an old man. He sends gifts to children. He is an old man who sends gifts to children. 关系代词： 指人 指物 主语 宾语 定语 表语 that √ √ √ √ √ which √ √ √ who √ √ √ √ whom √ √ whose √ √ √ 1. 如何选择关系代词？ 口诀：先看先行词，辨清人或物， 后看从句里，有无主宾语。 2. 例句： 1. 先行词指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略 （1）I don't like the man doesn't keep his word.遵守诺言 （2）I'd really like to find a friend I can trust. （3）Rose is the person you should care about. 练习： 1. Do you know the man_________ is talking with your mother? 2. I like those books _________topics are about history. 3. This is the girl _____________we talked about just now. 2.. 先行词指事物，在定语从句中充当主语宾语，作宾语时可以省略。 (1)The little girl is having an apple is big and red. (2)The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring he had lost on the train. （3）The suitcase lies on the ground is hers. 3. whose可以指人也可指物，在定语从句中充当定语,可翻译成……. （1）I know the person house was destroyed in the earthquake. （2）He lives in a room window faces north. 注意：1.关系代词在从句中做主语时，不能省略；作宾语时可以省略。 2.在“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物用which，指人用whom. 例：He handed me a pen with which I wrote down his phone number. 特殊用法 只能用that，不能用which的情况 1. 当先行词为 all，everything，nothing，anything，much等不定代词。 All can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做了。 2. 先行词被序数词修饰时。 The first place they visited in London was Big Ben.（大本钟） 3. 先行词被all, every, no, the o