内容正文:
01 简单句
02 并列句
03 复合句
目录
Part 01
简单句
简单句就是只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句。在简单句中主语和谓语是句子的主干,是句子的核心。
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
They walked, talked and laughed.
1.简单句的定义
(拆分到不能再拆的句子)
2. 五种基本句型
(1): 主+谓
(2):主+系+表
(3): 主+谓+宾
(4): 主+谓+间宾+直宾
(5): 主+谓+宾+宾补
类型 主语 谓语动词 表语/(间接宾语) (直接) 宾语 宾补
主+谓+宾 I love you.
主+谓 You left.
主+谓+间宾+直宾 I gave you my heart.
主+谓+宾+宾补 You made me sad.
主+系+表 I feel bad.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词(vi.),后面可以跟副词、介词短语、不定式、状语从句等。
(1) 主+谓(S+V )vi
I waited for half an hour.
He walked yesterday.
Time flies.
The man cooked.
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。
(2)主+系+表 (S+V+P)
The weather became warmer.
His face turned red.
① The dinner smells good.
② He feels unhappy.
③ Everything looks different.
④ He is tall and strong.
⑤ The trouble is that they are short of money.
①持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold等
He always keeps silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter remains a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
系动词分类
②变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等
He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了
③表像系动词
用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look等
He looks tired.
他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad.
他看起来很伤心。
④感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste等
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。
This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
⑤终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。
(turn out表终止性)
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
(3)主+谓+宾(S+V+O)vt
He has refused to help them.
I want to have a cup of tea.
He admits that he made a mistake.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓