07 名词性从句考查要点及应对策略-2024高考英语一轮复习小题大题微技能精析精练(新高考版)

07 名词性从句考查要点及应对策略 【考点精析】 　　名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 考点1　 引导词 　　名词性从句由不同的引导词引导,从句一般保持陈述语序。 　　引导名词性从句的连接词可分为3类: 1.that引导的名词性从句 that只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有任何意义。该从句作主语通常用it作形式主语,而将从句置于句末。 Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.(同位语从句) It is suggested that we should limit the amount of cars to improve our environment. (主语从句) 2.wh-词引导的名词性从句 wh-词包括who、whom、whose、whoever、what、whatever、which、whichever等连接代词和where、when、why等连接副词。wh-词既起连接作用,还可充当主语、宾语和表语等。从句作主语也常用it作形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末。 The student completed this experiment to make what Professor Joseph had said come true. 注意： (1)what引导的名词性从句 what作连接代词引导的名词性从句既可以表示一个问“什么……?”的问题, 也可以表示相当于“名词/代词+关系代词引导的定语从句”的结构,意思是“所……的事/物”, 相当于the thing(s) that/which...。 如: This is what (=the thing that)we have been looking forward to for years. (2)wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句;而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。 The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race. No one is allowed to break the regulations, whoever he is. 3.if、whether引导的名词性从句 (1)引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用whether, 不用if。 The question is whether technology is going to be our servant or our master. (2)whether与if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以互换, 但下列情况只能用whether: ①后面直接跟or not时用whether They now have two weeks to decide whether or not to buy. ②用于介词后引导宾语从句时用whether But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. 考点2　 主语从句 　　主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 注意：it作形式主语的句型有: (1)It+be+名词+从句 It is a fact that... 事实是…… It is good news that... ……是好消息 It is a question that... ……是个问题 It is common knowledge that... ……是常识 类似的可用于该结构的词还有:a pity、a wonder、a good thing、no wonder、a surprise等。 It is good news that our team has won the championship. It is a pity that I have missed a wonderful boxing match. (2)It+be+形容词+从句 It is necessary that...有必要…… It is clear that... 很清楚…… It is likely that... 很可能…… It is important that... 重要的是…… 类似的可用于该结构的形容词还有:st