Unit 5 Section A Grammar Focus (3a--3c) 讲义 2023-2024学年人教版八年级英语上册

Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show? Grammar Focus (3a--3c) 单元语法： 动词不定式作宾语 1. 动词不定式的形式 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，但是有时不带to。它不能单独作谓语，不随主语的人称和数的变化而变化，其否定形式为直接在不定式符号to前加not。 · Cindy planned to go to the beach this summer vacation. · Cindy planned not to go to the beach this summer vacation. 2. 动词不定的作用 动词不定式连同它的宾语、状语等一起构成不定式短语，不定式短语可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和主语补足语。本单元的语法部分主要讲解动词不定式作宾语的情况： (1) 动词不定式直接作及物动词的宾语 常以动词不定式作宾语的动词由:afford, agree, ask, begin, choose, continue, decide, demand, expect, forget, hate, help, intend, learn, like, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, prefer, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, require, start, try, volunteer, want, wish等。 其句型是：主语+ vt. + to do sth. · Lisa is rich so she can afford to buy an bigger apartment. · Both teachers and parents ask children not to swim in the river. · Nancy agreed to take care of her younger sister this afternoon. · He chose to return his hometown. · They decided not to go to Japan in October. · Andy expects to be an actor one day. · Paul learned to play the guitar last summer vacation. · Someone forgot to turn off the light. · Miss White is preparing to make breakfast for her son and daughter. · My father promised to take me to the zoo on Sunday. (2) 以it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语， 此结构中常用的动词为think, find, feel, make... 1　 主语+ vt. (think/find/feel/make...)+ it +宾语补足语 + to do sth. · They find it hard to win the game. · The high-speed train makes it possible to reach Beijing in a shorter time. · We think it possible to reach there on time. · Peter feels it necessary to play sports every day. 2　 主语+ vt. (think/find/feel/make...)+ it +宾语补足语 + for sb. to do sth. · The Internet makes it possible for us to know the news around the world. · I think it better for him to do his homework right now. (3) “疑问代词/疑问副词/连接词+不定式”结构作宾语，其句型分别是： 1　 主语+vt.+how+to do sth. · Anna doesn’t know how to get to the airport. · Many old people don’t know how to use smart phones. 2　 主语+vt.+what+to do sth. · Sara doesn’t know what to do next. · I can’t decide