Unit 8 Lesson 2　Grammar Focus 学案2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级上册

Lesson 2 Grammar Focus 语法练习 First,peel the bananas. Next,put the bananas in the blender. How do you make a banana milk shake? Then,pour the milk into the blender. Finally,turn on the blender. How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need? We need three bananas We need one cup of yogurt. 语法详解 析使句和名词 一、祈使句 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句的常见句式如下： 句式 结构 例句 动词原形（十宾语）十其他. Open the door.please. 肯定句 Be十表语十其他， Be careful. L十宾语十动词原形十其他， Let them play computer games. Dot十动词原形（十宾语）十其他. Don't open the door,please. Domt+be+表语+其他. Don't be angry. 否定句 Don't let十宾语十动词原形十其他. Don't let them play computer games. =Let十宾语十not十动词原形十其他. =Let them not play computer games. ◆析使句还有一种无动词的结构类型：No十名词/动词一ing形式。如：No smoking. ◆为了使祈使句比较委婉，除了用please外，句尾还可以用will you。.如： Stand up and read it,will you?站起来读一下，好吗？ 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1.区分可数名词和不可数名词 ◆可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，而不可数名词无复数形式。 ◆不定冠词、基数词可直接修饰可数名词，表示数量：而不可数名词在表示数量时则需要借助于计量单位名词。如：a cup of juice,four bottles of water: ◆可数名词复数前可用many,some,any,few,afew等修饰：不可数名词前可用much,some,amy,little,a little等修饰。 ◆提问可数名词的数量用how many:提问不可数名i词的数量用how much。 2.可数名词的复数 ◆名词复数形式的规则变化 一般情况加一s room-rooms bed--beds cat-cats glass-→glasses box→boxes brush-→brushes 以一s一x。一h,一h等结尾的词，加一s match-matches 以辅苦字母加一y结尾的词，变y为i,再加一s country--countries lady-ladies baby--babies 以一e)结尾的词，变f(e)为v,再知一es leaf→leaves knife-knives shelf→shelves 注意：以字母o结尾，变复数加一es的词有hcro,tomato,poao,记忆口诀：英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。 ◆名词复数形式的不规则变化 变n为e man-men woman-women policeman-policemen 变o0为ce foot→feet tooth→teeth gooser鸫)→geese 在词尾加一(r)en child--→children ox→oxen(公牛) 其他特殊变化 mouse(老鼠)·mice 有些名词的单数和复数相同 sheep,deer,people.Chinese.Japanese 3不可数名词量的表达 表达形式：aa/基数词+计量单位名词（复数）十of十不可数名词 a cup of tea.a piece of paper,three bottles of milk.ten kilos of meat 综合练习 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We can see many (machine)on the farm. 2.Don't(speak)loudly in the reading room. 3.There are lots of (sheep)on the hill. 4.We should wash our (tooth)every day. 5.(put)up your hand before you ask questions,please. 二、单项填空 ( )1. quiet,please!You are in the library. 一mxmy,Mad