小卷练透10 阅读理解（2）＋七选五（1）＋完形填空（1）＋语法填空（1）-【师大金卷】2024高考英语一轮二轮衔接复习小卷练透阶段测试卷（新高考）

新高考英语１０— ２　 小卷练透１０ 一、阅读理解(共７小题;每小题２．５分,满分１７．５分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项. A (２０２３􀅰山西省怀仁市教育局高三二调)Birdsthatdiveunderwater—suchaspenguins,gannets andpelicans—maybemorelikelytogoextinctthantheirnondivingrelatives,anewstudyreportedin ProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyfinds． Manywaterbirdshaveevolvedhighlyspecializedbodiesandbehaviorsthatfacilitatediving．Now, ananalysisoftheevolutionaryhistoryofmorethan７００waterbirdspeciesshowsthatonceabirdgroup gainstheabilitytodive,thechangeisirreversible,whichcouldhelpexplainwhydivingbirdshavea higherextinctionratecomparedwithnondivingbirds． “Thereareconsiderablemorphological(形态学的)adaptationsfordiving．”saysCatherineSheard, anevolutionarybiologistattheUniversityofBristolinEngland．Forinstance,gannetsandsomepeliＧ cansthatdiveintothewaterfromtheairhavetwiststotheneckmusclesandthebonesinthechest． It􀆳spossiblethatsomedivingbirdsareevolvingunderanevolutionary“ratchet,”whereadaptationsto useacertainfoodsourceorhabitatencouragespecializedevolution．Thesebirdsmaybecometrappedin theirways,increasingtheirriskofextinction． EvolutionarybiologistsJoshTylerandJaneYoungerinvestigatedtheevolutionofdivinginacolＧ lectionof７２７waterbirdspeciesacross１１birdgroups．Theyexploredthelinkbetweendivingandthe developmentofnewspecies,ortheirextinction,invariousbirdlineages(家族)．Among２３６diving birdspecies,７５,or３２percent,werepartoflineagesthatareexperiencing０．０２morespeciesextincＧ tionspermilionyearsthanthegenerationofnewspecies．Birdlineagesthatdon􀆳tdive,ontheother hand,generated０．１morenewspeciespermilionyearsthantherateofspeciesdyingout． “Themorespecializedyoubecome,themorereliantyouareonaparticulardiet,foraging(觅食) strategyorenvironment．”saysTyler．“TherangeofenvironmentsavailableforforagingismuchlarＧ gerforthenondivingbirdsthanforthespecialistdivers,andthismayplayintotheirabilitytoadapt andthrive．” １．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“irreversible”inParagraph２probablymean? A．Unexpected． B．Unchangeable． C．Unreal． D．Unwelcome． ２．Whyare“gannetsandpelicans”mentionedinParagraph