2024届高考英语一轮复习：定语从句教学课件

定语从句的用法 学习目标：定语从句的概念及结构 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句我们称之为定语从句 This is the gift which/that I bought yesterday 先行词 关系词 定语从句 先行词：置于定语从句之前，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。The book that I bought is lost (book是先行词） 关系词：置于先行词之后，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。根据先行词在从句中所担任的角色分为关系副词和关系代词 The girl who/that made a speech at the meeting is from Hong Kong. The building which/that is being built will be used as a school. I visited a people whose name is known all over the world. 先行词在句子中作主语 先行词在句子中作主语 先行词在句子中作定语 注意：关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上须和先行词保持一致。 This is one of the most beautiful toys that are sold in the bookstore. (toys为复数，所以用are) The old lady who is wearing a red coat is my grandma.(lady是单数，所以用is） 用that而不用which的情况 （1）当先行词同时包括人或物时。 The lady and her daughter that I always meet are standing by the gate. （2）当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. She is the first person that I want to see. （3）当先行词有the very, the only, the same修饰时。 That is the only thing that I need to do now.   This is the very word that he used. （4）当先行词是不定代词(anything, everything, nothing, something, few, all等)或被它们修饰时。 Is there anything that I can do for you? That’s all that I know. 当这些不定代词充当先行词指人时，关系代词可用who。 Anyone who leaves last should turn off the lights. （5）当主句以 who 或 which开头时，为避免重复，关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who。 Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?   Which is the pen that you lost ? 用which， 不用that的情况 （1）为避免重复，先行词为that， those这样额指示代词时，用which，不用that。 What’s that which is under the desk? （2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。 This is the room in which he lives. （3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。 Tom came back, which made us happy. 把下列各题的两句话合并成一个带定语从句的复合句。 1)The students will not be able to pass the English exam. They don’t study hard. 2)The teacher is my physics teacher . You saw him on the playground just now. 3)