2023年中考英语复习 定语从句专题讲义

定语从句 一、概念 1.在复合句中,修饰 或 的从句叫作定语从句。 核心概念 1.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做 定语从句必须放在先行词之后,对其先行词起限定作用。 2.关系词:连接 和 的词,分为 和 。 关系代词:that, , ,whom,whose,as等 关系词的分类 关系副词:when, , 二、关系词 一)关系代词 1.that *先行词为 或 ,在句中作 或 。 【注】当that在定语从句中作宾语时,可省略。 2.which *先行词为 ,在句中作 或 。 *which的前面可以有介词。 *which既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。 限定性定语从句中只用 that 而不用 which 的情况。 A) 先行词有形容词最高级修饰时 Polly is the most direct young woman that I have ever come across . B) 先行词有 修饰时 This is the third time that they have met. C) 主句已有疑问词 who或 which 时 Which of the car s that are in front of the hotel belongs to you? Who is the man that is sitting by the lake ? D) 先行词既有人又有物时 He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited. E) 先行词为 all, much, few, little, something, everything , anything, nothing, none 等不定代词时 It’s easy to do the repair. All that you need is a hammer and some nails. We haven’t got much that we can offer you. I’d like to tell you something that will make you surprised. F) 先行词前面有 the very, the only, the same, any, few, little, no, all, one of 等词修饰时 This is the very room that I slept in that evening. The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher. G) 有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词以用 which, 另一个 宜用 that Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.(找清楚两个先行词) 3.who *先行词为 ,在句中作 或 。 4.whom *先行词为 ,在句中作 。 *whom前可以有介词。 *whom在定语从句中可以省略,但其前若有介词时,则不能省略。 5.whose *先行词为 或 ,在句中作 。 *whose前可以有介词。 *whose后必须接 ,相当于“the+名词+of which/whom” 【复习巩固】 关系词 先行词 从句成分 关系代词 that which 物 who 主语 whom whose 人、物 定语 【例1】Some of us assume that everything_ happens in public can and may be recorded by a security camera. A.where B.which C.when D.that 【例2】There they built themselves little villages of true English type, _very names to this day remind them of their origin. A.until B.that C.which D.whose 【例3】The city was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm _few citizens have ever experienced before. A.which B.that C.as D.where 二)关系副词 1.where *先行词为表示地点的名词,where在从句中作地点状语。 The hot