动词不定式用法注意点与语法结构 讲义-2024届高三英语语法一轮复习考点

2024届高三英语高考一轮复习语法考点 动词不定式用法注意点与语法结构（讲义) 动词不定式特征：动词不定式具有名词、副词和形容词的性质。 动词不定式作用：动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、宾 语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。 动词不定式九大注意点 01 使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语，省略0（注意：被动语 态“to”加回)。 She saw her daughter enter the room (Her daughter was seen to enter the room. 她看见女儿进了房间。 I heard him sing happily just now. (He was heard to sing happily just now. 我刚才听到他快乐地唱歌。 02 would rather,had better(best)等习惯用法之后，省略to。 I would rather not)stay at home. 我宁愿（不）呆在家里。 You had better eat more fish,less meat. 你最好多吃鱼少吃肉。 03 不定式作表语时，它的前面出现do的各种形式时，省略 to. The only thing I can do is wait. 我唯一能做的事就是等着。 All they need to do now is take a break. 现在他们需要的是好好休息。 04 Why not do sth.?”和“Why don't you do sth.?”句型中，省 略to。 Why not try it again? Why don't you try it again? 为什么不再试一下呢？ 05 在when,if,what,as等从句中与Iike,want,wish连用时，省 略to。 You can stay here as long as you want. 你在这想待多久就待多久。 06 在介词but,except,besides前面如果有一个实义动词do时， 省略to,否则不能省略to。 Why not do sth,?”和 “Why don't you do sth.?”句型中， What do you like to do besides dance? 除了跳舞，你还爱好什么？ I have no choice but to wait. 除了等待我别无选择。 为了避免重复， 英语中作谓语或宾语的有些动词不定式再次出现时往往省 酪， 只保留不定式符号to。 07 want,like,wish,hope,try,forget,refuse,remember, prefer,promise,tell等动词后。省略to。 I asked her to buy this book,but she refused to. 我请她买这本书，但她拒绝了。 Do as your mother tells you to. 照你妈妈说的去做。 You can come with me,if you want to. 如果你愿意可以跟我一起来。 08 be glad,be pleased,be afraid,be ready,be happy,I'd like/1ove等之后。 ----Could you come for lunch? 你能来吃午饭吗？ -I'd like1 ove to.我想/很想去。 (I'm glad/pleased/happy to.) 我很高兴去。 09 在have to,ought to,need to,be going to,used to等词之后。 不定式结构中如果是bc或have(have是助动词)，需保留bc和 havee ----Do you get up early? 你起得早吗？ ----No,but I used to. 不，但我以前起得早。 ----Is he a doctor? 他是医生吗？ ----No,but he used to be. 不是，但他曾经是。 动词不定式的功能 1、作主语。 To learn English well is very important. 学好英语很重要。 It's really hard to please everyone. 要取悦每个人真的很难。 2、作宾语。 I decided to read this novel. 我决定读这本小说。 I find it boring to do this task. 我觉得做这项任务很无聊。 3、作宾语补足语。 She asked me to sweep the floor. 她让我扫地。 4、作表语。 Her job is to teach Englis