2024届高考英语一轮复习语法：基本成分和基本句式课件

高2024届补习班一轮复习语法专题 句子成分和基本句型 Chapter 1 句子成分 句子成分 定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分：主语（subject）和谓语（predicate） 次要成分：表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial)、 同位语（appositive) 补足语（complement）、 I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 状 语 十 大 词 类 实词 名词 代词 数词 动词不定式 1.1 主语（subject） 动名词 Living in that island country for three months was an unforgettable experience for me. 主语从句 Early to bed and early to rise is good for your health. Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. Who is speaking,please?This is Lily speaking. Two plus two equals four. 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。由名词、代词或相当于名词的成分来充当。 1. There are two boys. 2. What can we do? 3. Here comes the bus. 主语一般位于句首。但there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 1.1 主语（subject） Practice： 1.（2022 全国乙卷 ）In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains toteach in a one-room schoolhouse. （名词短语做主语） 2. （2020 全国卷II满分作文）Taking part in a fruit picking activity on a farm is meaningful and rewarding. (动名词短语作主语) 3. （2022 全国乙卷 ）By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. （名词短语做主语） Practice： 4. （2022 全国乙卷满分作文 ）What benefits most to their study is reading English books. (主语从句作主语) 5.（2022 新高考II卷 ）Getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. (动名词短语作主语) 6.（2022全国甲卷） Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiff’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. (名词短语作主语) 7. （2022全国甲卷）This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. 十 大 词 类 实词 1.2 谓语（predicate) 谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，一般放在主语之后.只能由动词和动词短语充当。 谓语的构成