内容正文:
Book1 Unit5 Into the Wild
Period 3 Grammar——定语从句(Ⅱ)
学习目标:
1. 掌握关系副词的用法
2. 关系副词在语境中的运用
学习重点:
关系副词的用法
易混易错知识:在语境中准确使用关系副词;
关系代词和关系副词的区分
情境感悟:
1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
2. He wanted to know the reason why I was late.
第一句中when为关系副词,引导定语从句修饰先行词________,且在从句中作________状语。
第二句中why为关系副词,引导定语从句修饰先行词 ________,且在从句中作________状语。
语法精讲:
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词 先行词 功能
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why reason 原因状语
1.关系副词when引导定语从句时,先行词应是表示时间的名词,关系词在从句中作时间状语。
*I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.
我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。
*We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing.
我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。
2.关系副词where引导定语从句时,先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词,关系词在从句中作地点状语。
*I'd like to live in the house where there is plenty of sunshine.
我喜欢住在那个阳光充足的房子里。
*Finally, we got to a factory, where many mobile phones of high quality were produced.
最后,我们来到一家工厂,在那里许多高质量的手机被生产出来。
3.关系副词why引导定语从句时,先行词常常为reason,关系词在从句中作原因状语。
*Can you explain the reason(=for which) why you don't help him?
你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗?
*Can you tell me the reason why you didn't come to his birthday party?
你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗?
二、注意事项:
1.表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时,定语从句可用关系代词引导,也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时,应用关系副词;若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时,则应用关系代词。
*Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when在从句中作状语)
*Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that或which作spent的宾语)
*I don't know the reason why he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语)
*I won't listen to the reason that/which you have given us.
我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语,所以用which/that,不用why)
2.表示抽象地点的名词point, scene,situation, condition, case, stage其后面的定语从句常用where引导。
*I will show you the point where you fail.
我将指出你的失败所在。
*There are some cases where this rule does not hold good.
在某些情况下,这条规则不适用。
*He had to face the conditions where pressure was heavy.
他必须面对压力很大的情况。