内容正文:
并列句和状语从句
目标导航
考点一 并列句
考纲解读
考纲要求理解并列句的结构, 掌握并列连词的基本意义, 根据句子之间的相互关系能正确运用连词。掌握构成并列句的并列连词如: and, or, but, yet, so, while, when和either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 等。
命题趋势:
1. 着重考查对句子间意义关系的理解, 判断连词的误用并予以纠正。
2. 考查句子间的逻辑关系, 填入适当的连词。
考点清单
(一)并列句的4种类型
1.表并列、递进或顺承关系:and,both...and...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...
The earth is one of the sun's planets, the moon is our satellite.地球是太阳系中的一颗行星,月亮是地球的卫星。
2.表转折、对比关系:but,yet,while
①The problem was a little hard, I was able to work it out.这道题有点难,然而我却把它做出来了。
②The winter in Beijing is very cold that of Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷,然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。
3.表选择关系:or,otherwise,or else,either...or...,not...but...
Now you can have a rest you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息,也可以去看电影。
4.表因果关系:so,for(表“由于”,一般不放在句首)
He found it increasingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail.
由于他视力开始下降,他发现读书越来越困难了。
(二)并列句的2大句式
1.when“就在这时,突然”,常用以下句式
·sb.be about to do/on the point of doing sth.when...某人正要做某事,突然……
·sb.be doing sth.when....某人正在做某事,突然……
·sb.had(just)done sth.when...某人刚做完某事,突然……
①One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help.当我们周五在收拾行李要去度周末时,我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。
②She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业,妈妈就让她练习钢琴。
2.and与or/otherwise用于并列句
·祈使句+and+陈述句(and表示顺承关系)
·祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句(or/otherwise表示转折关系)
①Find ways to praise your children often, you'll find they will open their hearts to you.设法常常表扬你的孩子,这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。
②Hurry up, you will be late for class.快点儿,否则你们上课就迟到了。
考点二 状语从句
考纲解读
1. 状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步状语从句等9种, 是每年必考的语法项目。
2. 高考主要考查连词的判断选用, 主句与从句谓语动词的时态运用。其中, 以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。
3. 近几年, 重点考查的连词有: when, while, as, before, unless, however等。
4. 近三年, 高考有考查状语从句、宾语从句、名词性从句交叉运用的题型出现。
考点清单
(一)时间状语从句
1.when,while和as的用法
连词
含义及用法
when
“当……时候”,可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用;从