2023年安徽中考英语动词的语态复习专题

英语的被动语态 动词的语态：主动语态和被动语态（在主动语态的句子中，句子主语是动作的执行者；在被动语态的句子中，句子主语是动作的承受者）。 被动语态学习内容： 1.被动语态的结构 被动语态的基本结构是：主语+ be+ done (+ by +施动者) e.g Hemingway wrote The Old Man and the Sea. ↓ The Old Man and the Sea is written by Hemingway. 总结：主动语态变被动语态的方法 主变_____________, 宾变______________, 谓动变be done. 将下面的句子变成被动语态。 e.g She waters the flower every day. e.g People use the wind to create energy. 2.不同时态的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态 e.g People still read the book today. 肯定句 / 否定句 /一般疑问句 / 特殊疑问疑问句 一般过去时的被动语态 e.g He told me that the shop was shut. 肯定句 / 否定句 /一般疑问句 / 特殊疑问疑问句 一般将来时的被动语态 e.g People will build a bridge over the river next year. 肯定句 / 否定句 /一般疑问句 / 特殊疑问疑问句 现在完成时的被动语态 e.g The police have found the lost boy. 肯定句 / 否定句 /一般疑问句 / 特殊疑问疑问句 现在进行时的被动语态 e.g The teacher is checking our homework. 肯定句 / 否定句 /一般疑问句 / 特殊疑问疑问句 情态动词的被动语态 e.g You should clean your bedroom every day. 肯定句 / 否定句 /一般疑问句 / 特殊疑问疑问句 总结： 1)一般现在时： am / is / are + done 2) 一般过去时： was / were +done 3)一般将来时： shall / will +be+ done am/is/are going to +be+done 4)现在进行时： am / is / are + being + done 5)现在完成时： have / has + been +done 6)过去进行时： was / were + being + done would/should be done 7)过去完成时： had + been + done 8)过去将来时： would +be+ done 9)含情态动词的被动语态： can/may/must/should＋be＋done 3.被动语态的特殊结构 1).动词后有两个宾语的，即直接宾语（物）和间接宾语(人)。有两种变法。 give sb sth / give sth to sb sb be given sth sth be given to sb make sb sth / make sth for sb sb be made sth sth be made for sb e.g He gave me a book. → I was given a book. / A book was given to me. 2).当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，在主动语态中省去to,在变为被动语态时应加上to.即hear , watch , see , make , let ,这些词在变被动句时必须加to. make sb do sth--sb be made to do sth. see sb do sth—sb be seen to do sth. 将下面两个句子变成被动语态 e.g We made Bob our monitor. e.g The story made us laugh. 3).主动语态为带to的动词不定式 ask sb to do sb be asked to do sth e.g Mum told me to stay at home. 4).由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把