内容正文:
专 题 二
句法知识 语法知语法知识识
第⑩讲 复合句
要点归纳思维导图
考向及母题典例
复合句各考向高频考点实用解题口诀
考向1 宾语从句
高频考点1:宾从语序
解题口诀:宾从要用陈述序,引导词后名代跟。
注释:
宾语从句需要使用陈述句语序,在解题过程中,先找到引导词,引导词后紧跟名词(包括a/an/the+名词)或者代词的就是陈述句语序。
宾语从句的语序
A. I don't know why was Lucy late.×
B.I don't know why Lucy was late.√
C.Do you know where I can meet her?√
D.Do you know where can I meet her?×
E. Could you please tell me when did they learn to dance?×
F. Could you please tell me when they learnt to dance?√
结论:宾从要用陈述序,引导词后名伐跟。
口诀使用典例:
Can you tell me ?
A.where Jim lives B. where does Jim live
C. where is Jim D. where did Jim live
口诀识别
有关宾语从句的题目中,考查从句语序时可以使用此口诀。
口诀解题答案解析
根据口诀“引导词后名代跟”可知,A选项"where Jim lives"符合引导词where后面紧跟名词Jim,故选A。
解题坑点
what's the matter, what's wrong, what's happening,以及who和what作主语时,本身就是陈述句语序,语序不变。
母题
1
(2023·江苏镇江·统考中考真题)The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me ________?
A.who will be the host of it B.in which hall was it held
C.whose show made you the most excited D.that you were encouraged by the speech
【答案】C
【详解】句意:青年盛典成功举行!你能告诉我谁的节目让你最兴奋吗?
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知,空格处应为宾语从句,从句应为陈述语序,排除B选项。根据“was held”可知,事情发生在过去,应为过去时态,排除A选项。“Could you tell me…”是疑问句,D选项由that引导从句,表陈述语气,故排除。故选C。
高频考点2:宾从时态
解题口诀:主现从不限,主过从必过,真理永一现。
口诀注释:
1.主现从不限:主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
2.主过从必过:主句是一般过去时,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
3.真理永一现:当从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实真理时,依然使用一般现在时。
宾语从句的时态
She says that she works from Monday to Friday.
She says that she will work at home tomorrow.
She said that she worked as a teacher in 2018.
She said that the earth moves around the sun.
结论:主现从不限,主过从必过,真理永一现。
口诀使用典例:
Mr. Black said that he_____in a small company.
A.works B.worked C.is working D.work
口诀识别
在有关宾语从句的题目中,考查从句时态时可以使用此口诀。
口诀解题答案解析
根据题干中的动词said可知,主句使用的是一般过去时,由大招“主过从必过”可知,从句必须用过去的时态,故选B。
解题坑点
宾语从句和状语从句都包含引导词if。
1.在宾语从句中,if翻译为“是否",它引导的从句符合大招"主现从不限,主过从必过,真理永一现"。
2.在状语从句中,if翻译为“如果”,它引导的从句符合“主将从现”原则。
母题
2
(2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题)Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you ________ over. Wh