2023届上海市高考英语语法专题复习：非谓语动词综合讲义

考点五：非谓语动词 非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。 一、动词不定式 (一)构成:to + 动词原形 例句: To learn English well requires patience. To see is to believe. To reach the top was his goal. (二)用法:作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等 例句: He likes to read novels. (宾语) Our plan is to build a new school. (表语) I have an essay to write. (定语) We use computers to save time. (状语) 二、动名词 (一)构成:动词ing形式 例句: Seeing is believing. Learning English is useful. Writing poems is my hobby. (二)用法:作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等 例句: I enjoy reading novels. (宾语) One of her duties is teaching students. (表语) The girl dancing over there is my cousin. (定语) He became fat by eating too much. (状语) 三、现在分词 (一)构成:动词ing形式 例句: The man sitting there is my teacher. The book is very interesting. (二)用法:作定语、表语、状语等 例句: The students talking loudly disturbed the class. (定语) His speech sounds amazing. (表语) Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful bird. (状语) 四、过去分词 (一)构成:动词过去式+ed 例句: The repaired car looks brand new. I was so excited. (二)用法:作定语、表语、状语等 例句: The fallen leaves covered the ground. (定语) The food was cooked perfectly. (表语) Bored with the movie, he fell asleep. (状语) 练习一：选择合适的非谓语动词 从括号内选择合适的非谓语动词填空。 The teacher encouraged us __________ (study) harder for the upcoming exams. The cat, __________ (sit) by the window, watched the birds outside. She wants __________ (become) a doctor and help people. They spent the weekend __________ (hike) in the mountains. The book was so interesting that I couldn't stop __________ (read) it. I suggest __________ (visit) the museum during your trip. He was excited about __________ (start) his new job. She apologized for __________ (arrive) late to the meeting. 练习二：句子改写 将给定句子改写，使用适当的非谓语动词形式。 He can solve problems easily. 改为：He is good at __________ problems. She started learning Spanish two years ago. 改为：She began __________ Spanish two years ago. They listened to music while they were doing their homework. 改为：While they were doing their homework, they listened __________ to music. The cat saw the dog and immediately ran away.