2023-2024学年初高中衔接英语句子成分课件

句子成分 新高一“初高中衔接”专题（二） 什么是英语句子？ www.515ppt.com 2 什么是英语句子？ 一、汉语句子的特点 1.可以无主语 2.可以无宾语 3.主谓关系模糊 1.睡地上 随心所欲,没有逻辑 3..我的英语讲的很好 2.喂了吗，猪？ www.515ppt.com 3 什么是英语句子？ 二、英语句子的特点 英语必须要有主语和谓语，并且主语一定是谓语的发出者，若有宾语，宾语一定是动作的承受者 我的英语讲的很好 遵从一定的逻辑和语法 喂了吗，猪？ eg. I can speak English well. eg. Did you feed the pig? www.515ppt.com 4 什么是英语句子？ 三、应该如写句子？ 找出句子的主谓宾，按照逻辑顺序组织单词 翻译1：北京西站到了 翻译2：喜欢 翻译3：去，把猪喂了 We are arriving at Beijing West Railway Station. I like you. You must feed the pig. www.515ppt.com 5 定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分：主语和谓语 次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语 插入语 句子成分 S --- subject V --- verb P --- predicative O --- object Attri.---attribute Adv.--- adverb Oc --- object complement App---appositive 主· 谓· 表 宾补 定· 状· 宾 同位语 7 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 状 语 主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。 Exercise: During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. We often speak English in class. One-third of the students in this class are girls. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health. The rich should help the poor. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. It is necessary to master a foreign language. That he isn’t at home is not true. _________________ ___ __________________ _______________ _______ ______ _______________________________ _____________________ _______________ 在英语中，形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。如果它们在句首时，句子可能是倒装句，真正的主语在后面。 1. On the desk are some books. 2. Down jumps the boy. 3. Gone are the days. 主语是books，所以用are 主语是the boy，所以用jumps 主语是the days，所以用are 谓语 谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 He practices running every morning. He reads newspapers every day. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。 You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.