2023年中考英语复习简单句基本结构知识讲解与练习

中考英语简单句基本结构讲与练 一、主语+谓语 在此句型中,谓语是不及物动词(短语),不带宾语。 【例】 My head aches.我头疼。 The students are studying in the classroom. 学生们正在教室里学习。 They have left.他们已经走了。 【练习】 汉译英 1.我们努力学习。 2.一轮红日从东方升起。 3.1939年爆发了第二次世界大战。 4.飞机很快就要起飞了。 5.那家水果店关门了。 【答案】 1.We study hard. 2.The red sun rises in the east. 3.The Second Wor ld War broke out in 1939. 4.The plane will take off soon. 5.The fruit store has closed. 二、主语+谓语+宾语 该句型中的谓语是及物动词(短语),后面必须跟宾语。 【例】 I finishedreading the book.我读完了这本书。 Do you likeapples?你喜欢苹果吗? We discussedit at the meeting last week. 上周我们在会上讨论过这件事。 He decidedto buy a computer.他决定买一台电脑。 We loveChina.我们爱中国。 They enjoyedthemselves very much last night. 他们昨天晚上玩得很开心。 Do you rememberhis telephone number? 你记得他的电话号码吗? [注意]不及物动词与介词连用时,其后也可跟宾语。 【例】 Ann is waiting forkate at the school gate. 安正在校门口等凯特。 He thought aboutthe problem for a while. 他把这个问题思考了一会儿。 1 【练习】 指出下列句子中的主语、谓语和宾语 1.She teaches English. 2.He enjoys listening to music. 3.The teacher corrected her poor pronunciation more than once. 4.Story telling has much strength in improving oral English skills. 5.He has decided to work harder at English. 【答案】 1.She\s\do14(主语)teaches\s\do14(谓语)English\s\do14(宾语). 2.He\s\do14(主语)enjoys\sldo14(谓语)listening to music\s\do14(宾语) 3.The teacher\s\do14(主语)corrected\s\do14(谓语)her poor pronunciation\s\do14(宾语) more than once. 4.Story tel|ing\s\do14(主语)has\s\do14(谓语)much strength\s\do14(宾语)in improving oral English skills. 5.He\s\do14(主语)has decided\s\do14(谓语)to work harder at English\s\do14(宾语). 三、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 英语中有些及物动词能跟双宾语,即间接宾语(指人)和直接宾语(指物)。通常情况下间 接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。能跟双宾语的动词常见的有:ask,bring,take,buy,cost, fetch,give,hand,pass,lend,offer,pay,save,send,show,teach,tell, write等。 【例】 Could you pass me the salt?(=Could you pass the salt to me?)请你把盐给我 好吗? Uncle Wang made the farmers many machines.(=Uncle Wang made many machines for the farmers. 王叔叔给农民们制造了很多机器。 Mother bought me a new dress.(=Mother bought a new dress for me. 妈妈给我买了一件新连衣裙。 The evening dress cost her forty dollars. 这件晚礼服花了她四十美元。 [注意](l)间接宾语