2024届上海市高考英语语法专题二：条件状语从句 讲义

考点三：条件状语从句 1.什么是条件状语从句？ 条件状语从句用来表示主句中的动作或情况在满足某种条件时才会发生。这种类型的从句通 常以条件从属连词引导。 2.条件从屈连词的分类 真实条件句 真实条件句用于描述可能会发生的情况，通常以""引导条件状语从句。这种句子表达的是 现实中可能发生的情况，主句的动作与从句的动作之间存在一定的因果关系。 句型结构： 主句（未来时），f+从句（一般现在时） 在真实条件句中，主句通常使用将来时态(wil/sa),而从句则使用一般现在时态。 例句： If you study hard,you will pass the exam. 如果你努力学习，你会通过考试。 If it rains,we will stay indoors. 如果下雨，我们会呆在室内。 练习： 根据语境，在空格处填入适当的词汇，构建真实条件句。 If you (practice)regularly.you will improve your skills She will buy the dress if it (be)on sale. If they (finish)early,they will join us for dinner. If I have enough money,I (travel)to Europe next year. 答案： If you practice regularly,you will improve your skills. She will buy the dress if it is on sale. If they finish early,they will join us for dinner. If I have enough money,I will travel to Europe next year. 虚拟条件句讲解 虚拟条件句用于描述不太可能会发生的情况，包括假设、愿望和与事实相反的情况。虚拟条 件句根据情况分为两种类型：第二类和第三类。 第二类虚拟条件句(Type2): 第二类虚拟条件句描述与现实相反的情况，通常表示虚构的情境，主句使用” would/could/might+原形动词"，而从句使用一般过去时。 句型结构： 主句(would/could/might+原形动词)，if+从句（一般过去时） 例句： If I had more money,I would buy a new car. 如果我有更多的钱，我会买一辆新车。 If she studied harder,she could pass the test. 如果她学得更努力，她就能通过考试。 第三类虚拟条件句(Type3): 第三类虚拟条件句描述过去无法实现的情况，表示过去的虚构情况，主句使用” would/could/might+have+过去分词"，从句使用过去完成时。 句型结构： 主句(would/could/mght+have+过去分词)，if+从句（过去完成时） 例句： If I had known about the party,I would have attended. 如果我当时知道有派对，我会去的。 If they had arrived earlier,they might have caught the bus 如果他们早点到，他们可能会赶上公共汽车。 练习： 根据语境，在空格处填入适当的词汇，构建第二类和第三类虚拟条件句。 第二类虚拟条件句： If she (have)more time,she (travel)around the world. If he (study)harder,he (pass)the exam. 第三类虚拟条件句： If they (not be)late,they (catch)the train IfI (know)the answer,I (tell)you. 答案： 第二类虚拟条件句： If she had more time,she would travel around the world. If he studied harder,he would pass the exam. 第三类虚拟条件句： If they had not been late,they would have caught the train. If I had known the answer.I would have told you. 3.条件状语从句写作练习 写作内容要求：描述一个可以改变你生活轨迹的决定，使用条件状语从句，强调决定和结 果之间的联系。 作文： A few years ago,I faced a crucial decision that h