内容正文:
主
谓
宾
定
状
补
《初高中衔接句子成分》
目录
综述
定状补语
综合运用
1
2
3
4
主谓宾表语
C o n t e n t s
综述
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什么是句子成分?
句子成分,即句子的组成成分。
英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject).谓语(predicate).表语(predicative).宾语(object).定语(attribute).状语(adverbial)和补语(complement)。
1
什么是句子成分?
主谓宾表语
2
主语:动作的发出者
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主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构.疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语.助动词或情态动词后面。
主语:名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句
1
The girl is pretty.
Reading is useful.
To see is to believe.
What I told you is the truth.
They are good friends.
主语:名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句
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Our English Teacher help us learn English. (________作主语)
I love you.(________作主语)
To improve my English is my goal. (________作主语)
Studying English is very important. (________作主语)
That John is honest is true./ Where she lives remains a mystery.
(_______作主语)
It is no use studying this book.(________作________主语)
The rich are not always happy. (________作主语)
How to learn English well troubles me. (________作主语)
谓语:即谓语动词,表动作或状态
2
谓语说明主语的动作.状态和特征。英语句子中,谓语一般必须是动词。除了倒装等特殊情况外,谓语的位置总是位于主语的后面。
谓语:简单动词或者动词短语构成
2
He studies hard.
He can speak English.
I am looking at you.
谓语:简单动词或者动词短语构成
2
I love you.
I am a boy.
I can help you.
I am reading a book now.
宾语:动作的承受者
3
宾语表示谓语动词动作的对象,是动作的承受者。从语法角度说,及物动词后面要接宾语(介词后也有宾语)。从意义上来说,宾语是动作的对象.目标。一般情况下,宾语都在动词后面,它的顺序是:主语十谓语十宾语。
宾语:在谓语之后
3
She plays the piano.
I like watching TV.
I think that he is a good guy.
宾语:在谓语之后
3
He wrote a letter.( ________作宾语)
He helped me. (________作宾语)
I want to listen to music.( ________作宾语)
I enjoy watching TV.( ________作宾语)
I think that he is nice.( ________作宾语/宾语从句)
I find it hard to learn English. (________作________宾语)
We should help the poor.( ________作宾语)
I don’t know where to go.(________作宾语)
表语:说明主语怎么样
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表语用以说明主语的身份.特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如 be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。
表语:表语位于系动词后面
4
I am a teacher.
They are at home now.
My job is to teach English.
Seeing is believing.
My decision is that I quit.
表语:表语位于系动词后面
4
My name is John.( ________作表语)
It is I/me.(________作表语)
The food tastes good.(________作表