2023-2024学年沪教牛津版七年级英语上册语法讲义与练习

第一讲 语法梳理 特殊疑问词 特殊疑问句是指以what,who, when, where, why, which, whose, how 等特殊疑问词开头，对句中的某一部分进行提问的句子。对不同的部分进行提问要用不同的特殊疑问词。须注意；特殊疑问句一般都要用降调。 特殊疑问词 提出对象 意义 What 事物或职业 “什么；什么职业” Who 人 “谁” When 时间 “什么时候” where 地点 “哪里” Why 原因 “为什么” Which 特定范围内的人或物 “哪一个” Whose 所属关系 “谁的” How 方式 “如何” How old 年龄 “几岁” How many （可数名词的）数量 “多少” How much 价格；（不可数名词的）数量 “多少钱；多少” 如﹕ 1 What book did you read last night? What is Kate’s father? Who is that woman over there? When do you usually get up? Where will you go next week? Why can Jerry speak English so well? Which girl is your cousin? Which skirt does Susan like best? Whose parents work in Shenzhen? How did you go to Shanghai yesterday? How old is your brother? How many students are there in your class? How much does the coat cost? How much homework do they have to do? 特殊疑问句的语序 1. 当特殊疑问词指代的内容是句子的主语时，其语序为; 特殊疑问词+谓语动词+其他成分 如; Who does the work? 2. 当特殊疑问词指代的内容不是句子的主语时，其语序为； 特殊疑问词+be动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语+实义动词+其他成分 不定冠词a和an 不定冠词a和an用于不可数名词单数前，意为“一个（支、把、只、名…）”。A 用于辅音音素（注意；不是辅音字母）开头的单词前，an 用于元音音素（注意；不是元音字母）开头的单词前。如；a boy ; an apple; an old book 辨析 区分用a 还是an ，不是看首字母，而是看单词或字母（组合）的音标的第一个音素。如；uniform['juːnɪfɔːm]的首字母是元音字母U，但其音标是以辅音音素//开头，所以要用a uniform; 又如; 字母s /es/ 是辅音字母，但其音标是以元音音素// 开头，所以要用an /s/。 巩固练习 1、 用适当的特殊疑问词填空 1. -___________ will go to Beijing with you next week? -My parents. 2. -___________do you often get up? -At about 6; 30 a.m. 3. -___________ does Joan often go running? - In the park. 4. -___________ do you like the Mid-Autumn Festival, Peter? 5. -___________ does Jack’s father do? -He is a doctor. 6. -___________ apple juice would you like? -Only a little please. 7. -___________ does Jason go after school? -To the gym. 8. -___________ do you often go to school? - By bike. 9. -___________ subject do you like best, Chinese,Maths or English? -English. 10. -___________ students are there in your class? -Forty-five. 11. -___________ day is it today? -Thursday. 12. -___________ is playing the guitar over the