2023年初升高英语语法衔接 动词语态专题

动词语态 一、英语中的两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 Many people speak English. 很多人说英语。（主动语态） English is spoken by many people. 英语被很多人讲。（被动语态） 二、什么时候用被动语态？ 1.不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 The meeting was held last week. More trees must be planted every year. 2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 三、各类时态的被动语态 被动语态的基本结构 ：be+动词的过去分词 8种常见时态的被动语态表达形式： ①一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词； ②一般过去时：was/were+过去分词； ③现在进行时：am/is/are being+过去分词；④过去进行时：was/were being+过去分词； ⑤一般将来时：will be+过去分词； ⑥过去将来时：would be+过去分词； ⑦现在完成时：has/have been+过去分词； ⑧过去完成时：had been+过去分词。 1.With the development of China, Chinese B by a large number of people in the world.　 A.speaks B.is spoken C.speak D.is speaking 四、情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态形式为：情态动词+be/have been+及物动词的过去分词。 2.-Please come back earlier,honey! -I'm not a child!I should what to do! A.be told B.not be told C.tell D.tells 3.(2021北京,11)Today, many winter Olympic sports 　　　even by children.  A.enjoyed　　 B.enjoy　　 C.were enjoyed　 D.are enjoyed 4.(2021湖北武汉,31)—Did you notice the students 　　　a few why questions in Mr. Zhang’s class?  —Yes, I think he wanted to train their abilities of deep thinking. A.are asked　　 B.must be asked C.have been asked　　D.were asked 5.(2021云南昆明,32)A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they　　　to make their own decisions.  A.should allow　　 B.shouldn’t allow C.should be allowed　　 D.shouldn’t be allowed 6.(2021辽宁本溪,9)The videos about cooking tell us how food 　　　.   A.makes　　 B.made　　 C.is made　　 D.was made 7.(2021内蒙古包头,34)Tea from China began to be sent abroad more than a thousand years ago and since then it 　　　to the world.  A.was known　　 B.is known C.has been known　　 D.knows 【答案】2-7 BDDCCC 五、不能使用被动语态的情况 （1）不及物动词没有被动形式。特别要注意汉语中带名词或代词做宾语的动词，如belong，die，happen，occur，take place等不及物动词。 如：A terrible traffic accident happened on the road yesterday. (昨天在公路上发生了一起可怕的交通事故。) 就不能改写为：A terrible traffic accident is happened on th