2024年中考英语专项复习模块三-时态和语态：5.时态辨析 讲义

时态辨析 现在进行时vs一般现在时 1.现在进行时表示暂时性的动作,而一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态: (1)My father is reading a newspaper now..(短暂性) My father reads newspapers every day.(经常性) (2)I’m brushing my teeth.(短暂性) I usually brush my teeth at7o'clock in the morning.(经常性) (3)He is working in the lab now.(短暂性) He works in a movie theater.(状态) (4)The man who is lying on the beach is his brother.(短暂性) Much of south America,parts of Africa and all of Australia lie south of the equator,.(状态) 2.现在进行时往往带有感情色彩,而一般现在时只是说明事实: (1)He is always helping other people.(表赞美) He always helps other people.(说明事实) (2)She is complaining all the time.(表厌烦) She complains about the terrible weather.(说明事实) (3)I'm always seeing him in the library.(表惊奇) I always see him in the library.(说明事实) 3.在条件或时间状语从句中,将米的动作须用一般现在时表示将来的意义 (1)If you come to the party,you'11 enjoy yourself. (2)If it rains tomorrow,the sports meet will be put off. (3)As soon as I arrive in Shanghai,I'11 call my mother. 4.以here,there等开头的句子,说明动作正在发生时,谓语动词不用现在进行时,而用 一般现在时 (1)Here comes the bus. (2)There goes the bell. 过去进行时vs一般过去时 1.过去进行时常常表示动作的未完成性,而一般过去时常常表示动作已经完成 (1)My sister was reading a book this time last night.(读了一些) My sister read a book last night.(读完了整本书) (2)They were building a bridge over the river..(在建造中) They built a bridge over the river,.(已经建好了) 2.过去进行时侧重说明动作的持续时间的长度,而一般过去时只是说明过去某时发生了某 事,强调动作的事实 (1)His brother was playing games all night,.(强调整晚都在玩游戏) His brother played games last night.(强谓昨晚玩了游戏,并不强调特续多长时间) (2)He was studying for the test the whole night.(强调整晚一直在备考》 He opened the door and rushed out of the room.(强调开门和冲出去的动作) 现在完成时Vs一般过去时 1.二者都表示过去发生的动作或情况。但是现在完成时强调的是动作的结果,它必然和“现 在的情况”有联系。而一般过去时只是表示过去的事情,与现在没有联系。 (1)I have seen the film with my friends.(说明现在已经了解电影的内容) I saw the film with my friends last weekend..(只说明上周末看过了电影) (2)He has been to Beijing many times.(说明已经去过北京多次) He went to Beijing.(只强调“去过”北京这个动作) (3)These students have studied English for six years. (说明到目前为止学了6年英语) These students studied English for six years. (说明过去学过6年英语,现在没学了) 2.现在完