英语阅读理解题型相应的解题策略及2023年全国乙卷真题讲义-2024届高三英语一轮复习

一、细节理解题 细节理解题通常会针对某个特定的细节出题，题型可以多样化。 一般有两种类型：一是直接理解题，可以直接定位原文并找到答案；二是同义转换题，正确答案项是由原文相关词汇paraphrase（释义）而来，即用英语解释英语的重要原因。做该类试题一般要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。 【设问形式】常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误，即是非判断题。如下： （1）Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage? （2） Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage? （3） Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? （4） All the following statements are NOT true except_______. （5） What can we learn from the passage? 【例题一】 For Canaan elementary second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day, and right now it's Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking. But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. 24. What made Chris nervous?（ ） A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech. C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question. 二、词义猜测题 在高考英语阅读理解中，词句猜测题是一类很重要的题型，主要考查学生的猜测能力和判断能力。词句猜测题包括：词义猜测、代词指代和句意猜测题。解题过程中，考生会遇到两个障碍：一是单词都认识却不知道句意；二是单词完全陌生，出现理解困难或理解偏差，影响阅读效率。这就要求学生要树立起context（语境）观念，从上下文着手”顺藤摸瓜”。 【设问形式】 （1）Which of the following can replace the underlined word... in paragraph...? （2）The underlined word“...”means____? （3）The word“...”refers to _____? （4）What do you think the expression“...”stands for? 【解题思路】 （1）根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测；根据同位关系进行猜测；根据构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）进行猜测；根据同义词、反义词猜测；根据转折或对比关系等来猜测。 （2）代词指代题：首先从宏观上充分把握代词（it, them, those等）指代所在的段落或前文表达的含义；其次，从微观入手抓住关键词，理顺逻辑关系，从而推断代词指代的内容。 （3）句意猜测题：在阅读原文的基础上，对划线的句子进行语法及语义上的准确分析，从原文意义出发对划线句子做恰当符合逻辑的推理判断。 【例题一】 I am peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier. Since Ma